Jendrzyca Anna, Warschburger Petra
Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
Appetite. 2016 Jul 1;102:51-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.005. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
The relevance of weight stigma as an important factor in disordered eating has been supported by research. However, because most of the studies were cross-sectional and focussed on older children, the causal relationships could not be fully determined in childhood. The current study explores the role of weight stigma in body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours. The sample consisted of 773 girls and 713 boys, aged 6-11 years, who completed surveys assessing weight stigma experiences, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours at two points of measurement, approximately one year apart. The children's external and disordered eating was rated via parental questionnaires. As expected, the pattern of the associations between weight status, weight stigma, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours differed by gender. Experience of weight stigma in girls led to external and restrained eating one year later, whereas in boys no such association was observed. Body dissatisfaction mediated the association between weight stigma and restrained eating behaviours in girls, whereas in boys, body dissatisfaction directly influenced restrained eating behaviours. However, in both girls and boys weight status predicted body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, while weight stigma did not have a direct effect on disordered eating. Results suggest that interventions involving weight stigma should be a part of eating disorder prevention programmes, and gender-specific pathways should be considered.
体重羞辱作为饮食失调的一个重要因素,其相关性已得到研究支持。然而,由于大多数研究是横断面研究且聚焦于年龄较大的儿童,童年期的因果关系无法完全确定。当前研究探讨了体重羞辱在身体不满和饮食行为中的作用。样本包括773名女孩和713名男孩,年龄在6至11岁之间,他们在大约相隔一年的两个测量点完成了评估体重羞辱经历、身体不满和饮食行为的调查。通过家长问卷对儿童的外在和失调饮食进行评分。正如预期的那样,体重状况、体重羞辱、身体不满和饮食行为之间的关联模式因性别而异。女孩的体重羞辱经历在一年后导致外在和克制性饮食,而在男孩中未观察到这种关联。身体不满在女孩中介导了体重羞辱与克制性饮食行为之间的关联,而在男孩中,身体不满直接影响克制性饮食行为。然而,在女孩和男孩中,体重状况都预测了身体不满和饮食失调,而体重羞辱对饮食失调没有直接影响。结果表明,涉及体重羞辱的干预措施应成为饮食失调预防计划的一部分,并且应考虑针对不同性别的途径。