Wren Johanna L K, Kobayashi Donald R
Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai'i at Mānoa , Honolulu Hawai'i , United States.
NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center , Honolulu Hawai'i , United States.
PeerJ. 2016 Feb 1;4:e1636. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1636. eCollection 2016.
Most adult reef fish show site fidelity thus dispersal is limited to the mobile larval stage of the fish, and effective management of such species requires an understanding of the patterns of larval dispersal. In this study, we assess larval reef fish distributions in the waters west of the Big Island of Hawai'i using both in situ and model data. Catches from Cobb midwater trawls off west Hawai'i show that reef fish larvae are most numerous in offshore waters deeper than 3,000 m and consist largely of pre-settlement Pomacanthids, Acanthurids and Chaetodontids. Utilizing a Lagrangian larval dispersal model, we were able to replicate the observed shore fish distributions from the trawl data and we identified the 100 m depth strata as the most likely depth of occupancy. Additionally, our model showed that for larval shore fish with a pelagic larval duration longer than 40 days there was no significant change in settlement success in our model. By creating a general additive model (GAM) incorporating lunar phase and angle we were able to explain 67.5% of the variance between modeled and in situ Acanthurid abundances. We took steps towards creating a predictive larval distribution model that will greatly aid in understanding the spatiotemporal nature of the larval pool in west Hawai'i, and the dispersal of larvae throughout the Hawaiian archipelago.
大多数成年珊瑚礁鱼类表现出对特定地点的忠诚度，因此其扩散仅限于鱼类的游动幼体阶段，而对这类物种的有效管理需要了解幼体的扩散模式。在本研究中，我们利用现场数据和模型数据评估了夏威夷大岛以西水域中珊瑚礁幼鱼的分布情况。从夏威夷西部科布中层拖网捕捞的数据显示，珊瑚礁幼鱼在离岸深度超过3000米的水域中数量最多，主要由定居前的刺盖鱼科、刺尾鱼科和蝴蝶鱼科幼鱼组成。利用拉格朗日幼体扩散模型，我们能够根据拖网数据重现观测到的沿岸鱼类分布情况，并确定100米深度层是最可能的栖息深度。此外，我们的模型显示，对于浮游幼体持续时间超过40天的沿岸幼鱼，在我们的模型中其定居成功率没有显著变化。通过创建一个包含月相和角度的广义相加模型（GAM），我们能够解释模型模拟的刺尾鱼科丰度与现场数据之间67.5%的差异。我们朝着创建一个预测性幼体分布模型迈出了步伐，该模型将极大地有助于理解夏威夷西部幼体库的时空特征以及幼体在整个夏威夷群岛的扩散情况。
