多物种相互作用中的收敛。

Convergence in Multispecies Interactions.

机构信息

Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

出版信息

Trends Ecol Evol. 2016 Apr;31(4):269-280. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Feb 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2016.01.006

PMID:26858111

Abstract

The concepts of convergent evolution and community convergence highlight how selective pressures can shape unrelated organisms or communities in similar ways. We propose a related concept, convergent interactions, to describe the independent evolution of multispecies interactions with similar physiological or ecological functions. A focus on convergent interactions clarifies how natural selection repeatedly favors particular kinds of associations among species. Characterizing convergent interactions in a comparative context is likely to facilitate prediction of the ecological roles of organisms (including microbes) in multispecies interactions and selective pressures acting in poorly understood or newly discovered multispecies systems. We illustrate the concept of convergent interactions with examples: vertebrates and their gut bacteria; ectomycorrhizae; insect-fungal-bacterial interactions; pitcher-plant food webs; and ants and ant-plants.

摘要

趋同进化和群落趋同的概念强调了选择压力如何以相似的方式塑造不相关的生物或群落。我们提出了一个相关的概念，即趋同相互作用，来描述具有相似生理或生态功能的多物种相互作用的独立进化。关注趋同相互作用可以阐明自然选择如何反复青睐物种之间特定类型的联系。在比较的背景下描述趋同相互作用，可能有助于预测多物种相互作用中生物体（包括微生物）的生态角色，以及在了解甚少或新发现的多物种系统中起作用的选择压力。我们用例子来说明趋同相互作用的概念：脊椎动物及其肠道细菌；外生菌根；昆虫-真菌-细菌相互作用；猪笼草食物网；以及蚂蚁和蚁生植物。