Schulze A
Lehrstuhl Psychiatrie, Bereiches Medizin (Charité) der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz). 1989 Sep;41(9):513-20.
"Empiricists" and "clinicians", in especial those in the field of psychoanalysis, have reached divergent views on the significance of early childhood experiences for neurotic affections in the adult. The present paper discusses the need to resolve such "apparent" differences. To be effective, models of psychological development should, besides taking into account biological hereditary influences and the psychosocial conditions of childhood, also consider the ongoing perpetualisation of neurotic behavior through social feedback.
“经验主义者”和“临床医生”，尤其是精神分析领域的那些人，对于童年早期经历对成年人神经官能症的重要性存在不同观点。本文探讨了解决此类“明显”差异的必要性。为了有效，心理发展模型除了要考虑生物遗传影响和童年的社会心理状况外，还应考虑通过社会反馈对神经症行为的持续强化。
