Ayalew Firew, Kols Adrienne, Kim Young-Mi, Schuster Anne, Emerson Mark R, Roosmalen J van, Stekelenburg Jelle, Woldemariam Damtew, Gibson Hannah
Research Team Leader, Jhpiego, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Senior Technical Advisor, Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD, USA.
World Health Popul. 2015;16(2):62-74. doi: 10.12927/whp.2016.24491.
Reducing turnover is essential to address health worker shortages in the public sector and improve the quality of services. This study examines factors associated with Ethiopian nurses' intention to leave their jobs.
Survey respondents (a sample of 425 nurses at 122 facilities) rated the importance of 20 items in decisions to leave their jobs and reported whether they intended to leave their jobs in the next year. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to identify predictors of nurses' intentions to leave their jobs.
Half (50.2%) the nurses said they intended to leave their jobs in the next year. A multivariate analysis identified three significant predictors of nurses' intention to leave their jobs: holding a university degree rather than a diploma (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.246, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.212, 4.163; p<0.01), having worked fewer years in the public health system (adjusted OR=0.948, 95% CI=0.914, 0.982; p<0.01) and rating the importance of limited opportunities for professional development more highly (adjusted OR=1.398, 95% CI=1.056, 1.850; p<0.02).
Interventions to increase the retention of nurses at public health facilities in Ethiopia should target young nurses who are completing their compulsory service obligation and nurses with a university degree. They should include both non-financial and financial incentives.
减少人员流动对于解决公共部门卫生工作者短缺问题和提高服务质量至关重要。本研究调查了与埃塞俄比亚护士离职意愿相关的因素。
调查对象（来自122家机构的425名护士样本）对20项影响其离职决策的因素的重要性进行评分，并报告他们是否打算在明年离职。采用描述性和推断性统计分析来确定护士离职意愿的预测因素。
一半（50.2%）的护士表示他们打算在明年离职。多变量分析确定了护士离职意愿的三个重要预测因素：拥有大学学位而非文凭（调整后的优势比（OR）=2.246，95%置信区间（CI）=1.212，4.163；p<0.01）、在公共卫生系统工作的年限较少（调整后的OR=0.948，95%CI=0.914，0.982；p<0.01）以及更看重职业发展机会有限的重要性（调整后的OR=1.398，95%CI=1.056，1.850；p<0.02）。
为提高埃塞俄比亚公共卫生机构护士留用率而采取的干预措施应针对正在履行义务服务期的年轻护士以及拥有大学学位的护士。这些措施应包括非财务和财务激励措施。
