Solesio Maria E, Elustondo Pia A, Zakharian Eleonora, Pavlov Evgeny V
Department of Basic Sciences, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24 Street, 10010, New York, NY, U.S.A.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2016 Feb;44(1):7-12. doi: 10.1042/BST20150206.
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a large channel located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The opening of mPTP during pathological calcium overload leads to the membrane depolarization and disruption of ATP production. mPTP activation has been implicated as a central event during the process of stress-induced cell death. mPTP is a supramolecular complex composed of many proteins. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial ATPase plays the central role in the formation of mPTP. However, the structure of the central conducting pore part of mPTP (mPTPore) remains elusive. Here we review current models proposed for the mPTPore and involvement of polyP in its formation and regulation. We discuss the underestimated role of polyP as an effector and a putative structural component of the mPTPore. We propose the hypothesis that inclusion of polyP can explain such properties of mPTP activity as calcium activation, selectivity and voltage-dependence.
线粒体通透性转换孔（mPTP）是位于线粒体内膜的一种大通道。在病理性钙超载期间mPTP的开放会导致膜去极化以及ATP生成的破坏。mPTP激活被认为是应激诱导的细胞死亡过程中的核心事件。mPTP是一种由多种蛋白质组成的超分子复合物。最近的研究表明线粒体ATP酶在mPTP的形成中起核心作用。然而，mPTP的中央传导孔部分（mPTPore）的结构仍然不清楚。在此，我们综述了目前针对mPTPore提出的模型以及多聚磷酸盐在其形成和调节中的作用。我们讨论了多聚磷酸盐作为mPTPore的效应物和假定结构成分而被低估的作用。我们提出一个假说，即多聚磷酸盐的纳入可以解释mPTP活性的诸如钙激活、选择性和电压依赖性等特性。
