Briscoe Runquist R, Grossenbacher D, Porter S, Kay K, Smith J
Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, 250 Biological Sciences, St. Paul, MN, USA.
J Evol Biol. 2016 May;29(5):1045-58. doi: 10.1111/jeb.12845. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
Community assembly is the result of multiple ecological and evolutionary forces that influence species coexistence. For flowering plants, pollinators are often essential for plant reproduction and establishment, and pollinator-mediated interactions may influence plant community composition. Here, we use null models and community phylogenetic analyses of co-occurrence patterns to determine the role of pollinator-mediated processes in structuring plant communities dominated by congeners. We surveyed three species-rich genera (Limnanthes, Mimulus and Clarkia) with centres of diversity in the Sierra Nevada of California. Each genus contains species that co-flower and share pollinators, and each has a robust phylogeny. Within each genus, we surveyed 44-48 communities at three spatial scales, measured floral and vegetative traits and tested for segregation or aggregation of: (i) species, (ii) floral traits (which are likely to be influenced by pollinators), and (iii) vegetative traits (which are likely affected by other environmental factors). We detected both aggregation and segregation of floral traits that were uncorrelated with vegetative trait patterns; we infer that pollinators have shaped the community assembly although the mechanisms may be varied (competition, facilitation, or filtering). We also found that mating system differences may play an important role in allowing species co-occurrence. Together, it appears that pollinators influence community assemblage in these three clades.
群落组装是多种影响物种共存的生态和进化力量作用的结果。对于开花植物而言，传粉者通常对植物繁殖和定植至关重要，且传粉者介导的相互作用可能影响植物群落组成。在此，我们使用零模型和对共存模式的群落系统发育分析，以确定传粉者介导的过程在构建以同属植物为主的植物群落中的作用。我们调查了三个物种丰富的属（亚麻属、沟酸浆属和克拉花属），其多样性中心位于加利福尼亚州的内华达山脉。每个属都包含同时开花且共享传粉者的物种，并且每个属都有一个完善的系统发育关系。在每个属内，我们在三个空间尺度上调查了44 - 48个群落，测量了花部和营养性状，并测试了以下各项的隔离或聚集情况：（i）物种，（ii）花部性状（可能受传粉者影响），以及（iii）营养性状（可能受其他环境因素影响）。我们检测到与营养性状模式不相关的花部性状的聚集和隔离；我们推断传粉者塑造了群落组装，尽管其机制可能多种多样（竞争、促进或筛选）。我们还发现交配系统差异可能在允许物种共存方面发挥重要作用。总体而言，传粉者似乎影响了这三个进化枝中的群落组合。
