Muschel R J, McKenna W G
Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Anticancer Res. 1989 Sep-Oct;9(5):1395-406.
Although tumors are often characterized as being the result of uncontrolled proliferation, clinically the morbidity from cancer results from its ability to invade and metastasize and to become resistance to our current therapeutic modalities such as chemotherapy and radiation. The study of oncogenes has largely stressed their ability to alter cell growth, but in fact they also influence these crucial features of tumor progression. In this review, we will summarize the data from our laboratory that indicated that the ras oncogene can induce metastasis as well as tumorigenicity and that the ras oncogene can also influence the development of radiation resistance. We have found that these changes in cells are sometimes accompanied by characteristic non-random chromosomal alterations in the transformed cells and will speculate that these accompanying chromosomal changes also may contribute to the features of tumor progression.
尽管肿瘤通常被认为是不受控制的细胞增殖的结果，但在临床上，癌症的发病率是由其侵袭、转移能力以及对我们目前的治疗方式（如化疗和放疗）产生耐药性所致。对癌基因的研究主要强调了它们改变细胞生长的能力，但事实上它们也影响肿瘤进展的这些关键特征。在这篇综述中，我们将总结来自我们实验室的数据，这些数据表明ras癌基因既能诱导转移又能引发肿瘤发生，并且ras癌基因还能影响放射抗性的发展。我们发现细胞中的这些变化有时伴随着转化细胞中特征性的非随机染色体改变，并推测这些伴随的染色体变化也可能促成肿瘤进展的特征。
