Nagahama Yasuhiro
Kawasaki Memorial Hospital.
Brain Nerve. 2016 Feb;68(2):165-74. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416200368.
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) shows lesser memory impairment and more severe visuospatial disability than Alzheimer disease (AD). Although deficits in both consolidation and retrieval underlie the memory impairment, retrieval deficit is predominant in DLB. Visuospatial dysfunctions in DLB are related to the impairments in both ventral and dorsal streams of higher visual information processing, and lower visual processing in V1/V2 may also be impaired. Attention and executive functions are more widely disturbed in DLB than in AD. Imitation of finger gestures is impaired more frequently in DLB than in other mild dementia, and provides additional information for diagnosis of mild dementia, especially for DLB. Pareidolia, which lies between hallucination and visual misperception, is found frequently in DLB, but its mechanism is still under investigation.
路易体痴呆（DLB）相较于阿尔茨海默病（AD），记忆损害较轻，但视觉空间障碍更为严重。尽管巩固和提取方面的缺陷均是记忆损害的基础，但在DLB中，提取缺陷更为突出。DLB中的视觉空间功能障碍与高级视觉信息处理腹侧和背侧通路的损伤均有关，V1/V2区的低级视觉处理也可能受损。与AD相比，DLB中注意力和执行功能受到的干扰更为广泛。与其他轻度痴呆相比，DLB中对手指姿势的模仿受损更为频繁，这为轻度痴呆尤其是DLB的诊断提供了额外信息。在DLB中经常发现介于幻觉和视觉错误感知之间的空想性错视，但其机制仍在研究中。
