Vadhan-Raj S
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1989 Nov-Dec;16(6 Suppl):21-6.
Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are a family of regulatory glycoprotein hormones that promote the proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic progenitor cells and augment the functions of mature effector cells in vitro. The recent cloning of human genes and the availability of sufficient quantities of recombinant purified growth factors have made it possible to evaluate their therapeutic potential in cytopenic states. Initial studies with GM-CSF have demonstrated its ability to increase neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil counts in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and aplastic anemia. Both GM-CSF and G-CSF reduce the duration of neutropenia following chemotherapy and accelerate hematopoietic recovery in patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Studies are now ongoing to determine the optimal dose, route, schedule of administration, and long-term effects. While the appropriate settings for the use of different CSFs remain to be determined, the initial results of clinical trials are of great interest and suggest that hematopoietic growth factors will play an important role in several clinical arenas.
集落刺激因子（CSF）是一类调节性糖蛋白激素，可促进造血祖细胞的增殖和分化，并在体外增强成熟效应细胞的功能。人类基因的近期克隆以及足够数量的重组纯化生长因子的可得性，使得评估它们在血细胞减少症状态下的治疗潜力成为可能。对粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）的初步研究已证明，它能够增加获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）、骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）和再生障碍性贫血患者的中性粒细胞、单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数。GM-CSF和粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）均可缩短化疗后中性粒细胞减少的持续时间，并加速接受强化化疗和自体骨髓移植患者的造血恢复。目前正在进行研究以确定最佳剂量、给药途径、给药方案以及长期效果。虽然使用不同CSF的合适场景仍有待确定，但临床试验的初步结果非常令人关注，并表明造血生长因子将在多个临床领域发挥重要作用。
