Moreno Villares José Manuel, Varea Calderón Vicente, Bousoño García Carlos
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2017 May;86(5):270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.12.013. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
Malnutrition on admission is closely related to a longer hospital stay and a higher morbidity. The prevalence of hospital malnutrition has been reported as almost as high as 50%, with 6% being the lowest. DHOSPE study investigates nutrition status in Spanish hospitals and its outcome during the hospital stay.
A longitudinal, multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a short follow-up period was conducted in 32 hospitals during 2011. A total of 991 patients were included, with ages from 0 to 17 years. Each patient was measured at admission (weight, length, weight for length -W/L-, length for age -L/A-), and at 7 and 14 days. The STAMP nutritional screening tool was completed on admission. Anthropometric measurements were reported as z-score, and nutrition status classified according to W/L and L/A for acute and chronic malnutrition, respectively.
The prevalence of malnutrition was 7.1% for moderate, and 0.7% for severe acute malnutrition. For chronic malnutrition, it was 2.7% moderate, and 1.4% severe. There were significant differences according to the underlying condition but not according to age. Results of STAMP show that around 75% of patients had a moderate to high risk of malnutrition. Nutritional status changed during admission for weight, as well as W/L and L/A. A worst nutritional status at admission and a higher STAMP score were positively correlated with the need for nutrition support.
The prevalence of undernutrition was slightly lower (<8%) than previously reported, probably in relation to the variety of hospitals in the survey. Nevertheless, nutritional risk when evaluated with STAMP showed a high risk of malnutrition.
入院时的营养不良与住院时间延长和发病率升高密切相关。据报道，医院营养不良的患病率高达近50%，最低为6%。DHOSPE研究调查了西班牙医院的营养状况及其住院期间的结果。
2011年在32家医院进行了一项纵向、多中心、描述性横断面研究，随访期较短。共纳入991例年龄在0至17岁的患者。在入院时（体重、身长、身长别体重-W/L-、年龄别身长-L/A-）以及第7天和第14天对每位患者进行测量。入院时完成STAMP营养筛查工具。人体测量结果以z评分报告，营养状况分别根据W/L和L/A分为急性和慢性营养不良。
中度营养不良的患病率为7.1%，重度急性营养不良的患病率为0.7%。慢性营养不良方面，中度为2.7%，重度为1.4%。根据潜在疾病存在显著差异，但根据年龄无显著差异。STAMP结果显示，约75%的患者存在中度至高度营养不良风险。入院期间体重、W/L和L/A的营养状况发生了变化。入院时营养状况较差和STAMP评分较高与营养支持需求呈正相关。
营养不良的患病率略低于先前报道（<8%），可能与调查中医院的多样性有关。然而，用STAMP评估时，营养风险显示存在较高的营养不良风险。
