Perrett D I, Harries M H, Bevan R, Thomas S, Benson P J, Mistlin A J, Chitty A J, Hietanen J K, Ortega J E
Department of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
J Exp Biol. 1989 Sep;146:87-113. doi: 10.1242/jeb.146.1.87.
A variety of cell types exist in the temporal cortex providing high-level visual descriptions of bodies and their movements. We have investigated the sensitivity of such cells to different viewing conditions to determine the frame(s) of reference utilized in processing. The responses of the majority of cells in the upper bank of the superior temporal sulcus (areas TPO and PGa) found to be sensitive to static and dynamic information about the body were selective for one perspective view (e.g. right profile, reaching right or walking left). These cells can be considered to provide viewer-centred descriptions because they depend on the observer's vantage point. Viewer-centred descriptions could be used in guiding behaviour. They could also be used as an intermediate step for establishing view-independent responses of other cell types which responded to many or all perspective views selectively of the same object (e.g. head) or movement. These cells have the properties of object-centred descriptions, where the object viewed provides the frame of reference for describing the disposition of object parts and movements (e.g. head on top of shoulders, reaching across the body, walking forward 'following the nose'). For some cells in the lower bank of the superior temporal sulcus (area TEa) the responses to body movements were related to the object or goal of the movements (e.g. reaching for or walking towards a specific place). This goal-centred sensitivity to interaction allowed the cells to be selectively activated in situations where human subjects would attribute causal and intentional relationships.
颞叶皮质中存在多种细胞类型，可对身体及其运动进行高级视觉描述。我们研究了这些细胞对不同观察条件的敏感性，以确定处理过程中所使用的参照系。发现颞上沟上壁（TPO区和PGa区）的大多数细胞对身体的静态和动态信息敏感，它们对一种视角（如右侧轮廓、向右伸手或向左行走）具有选择性反应。这些细胞可被视为提供以观察者为中心的描述，因为它们依赖于观察者的有利位置。以观察者为中心的描述可用于指导行为。它们还可作为一个中间步骤，用于建立其他细胞类型的与视角无关的反应，这些细胞对同一物体（如头部）或运动的许多或所有视角都有选择性反应。这些细胞具有以物体为中心的描述的特性，即所观察的物体为描述物体各部分的位置和运动（如头在肩膀之上、伸手越过身体、“跟着鼻子”向前走）提供参照系。对于颞上沟下壁（TEa区）的一些细胞，其对身体运动的反应与运动的物体或目标（如伸手去拿或走向特定地点）有关。这种对交互作用的以目标为中心的敏感性使这些细胞在人类受试者会归因于因果和意向关系的情况下被选择性激活。
