Cassidy Brittany S, Krendl Anne C
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Neuroimage. 2016 May 15;132:238-246. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.043. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Race disparities in behavior may emerge in several ways, some of which may be independent of implicit bias. To mitigate the pernicious effects of different race disparities for racial minorities, we must understand whether they are rooted in perceptual, affective, or cognitive processing with regard to race perception. We used fMRI to disentangle dynamic neural mechanisms predictive of two separable race disparities that can be obtained from a trustworthiness ratings task. Increased coupling between regions involved in perceptual and affective processing when viewing Black versus White faces predicted less later racial trust disparity, which was related to implicit bias. In contrast, increased functional coupling between regions involved in controlled processing predicted less later disparity in the differentiation of Black versus White faces with regard to perceived trust, which was unrelated to bias. These findings reveal that distinct neural signatures underlie separable race disparities in social cognition that may or may not be related to implicit bias.
行为方面的种族差异可能以多种方式出现，其中一些方式可能与内隐偏见无关。为了减轻不同种族差异对少数族裔的有害影响，我们必须了解它们是否根植于种族认知方面的感知、情感或认知加工过程。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来解析可从可信度评级任务中获得的两种可分离的种族差异的动态神经机制。在观看黑人与白人面孔时，参与感知和情感加工的区域之间耦合增加，预示着随后的种族信任差异较小，这与内隐偏见有关。相比之下，参与控制性加工的区域之间功能耦合增加，预示着随后在根据感知到的信任区分黑人与白人面孔方面的差异较小，这与偏见无关。这些发现表明，不同的神经特征是社会认知中可分离的种族差异的基础，这些差异可能与内隐偏见有关，也可能无关。
