Vesterinen Ville, Nummela Ari, Heikura Ida, Laine Tanja, Hynynen Esa, Botella Javier, Häkkinen Keijo
1KIHU-Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, FINLAND; and 2Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FINLAND.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Jul;48(7):1347-54. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000910.
Measures of HR variability (HRV) have shown potential to be of use in training prescription.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using HRV in endurance training prescription.
Forty recreational endurance runners were divided into the HRV-guided experimental training group (EXP) and traditional predefined training group (TRAD). After a 4-wk preparation training period, TRAD trained according to a predefined training program including two to three moderate- (MOD) and high-intensity training (HIT) sessions per week during an 8-wk intensive training period. The timing of MOD and HIT sessions in EXP was based on HRV, measured every morning. The MOD/HIT session was programmed if HRV was within an individually determined smallest worthwhile change. Otherwise, low-intensity training was performed. Maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) and 3000-m running performance (RS3000m) were measured before and after both training periods.
The number of MOD and HIT sessions was significantly lower (P = 0.021, effect size = 0.98) in EXP (13.2 ± 6.0 sessions) compared with TRAD (17.7 ± 2.5 sessions). No other differences in training were found between the groups. RS3000m improved in EXP (2.1% ± 2.0%, P = 0.004) but not in TRAD (1.1% ± 2.7%, P = 0.118) during the intensive training period. A small between-group difference (effect size = 0.42) was found in the change in RS3000m. V˙O2max improved in both groups (EXP: 3.7% ± 4.6%, P = 0.027; TRAD: 5.0% ± 5.2%, P = 0.002).
The results of the present study suggest the potential of resting HRV to prescribe endurance training by individualizing the timing of vigorous training sessions.
心率变异性（HRV）测量已显示出在训练处方中具有潜在用途。
本研究旨在调查使用HRV进行耐力训练处方的有效性。
40名休闲耐力跑者被分为HRV指导的实验训练组（EXP）和传统预定义训练组（TRAD）。在为期4周的准备训练期后，TRAD在为期8周的强化训练期内按照预定义的训练计划进行训练，该计划包括每周两到三次中等强度（MOD）和高强度训练（HIT）课程。EXP组中MOD和HIT课程的时间安排基于每天早晨测量的HRV。如果HRV在个体确定的最小有价值变化范围内，则安排MOD/HIT课程。否则，进行低强度训练。在两个训练期前后分别测量最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）和3000米跑步成绩（RS3000m）。
与TRAD组（17.7±2.5节）相比，EXP组（13.2±6.0节）的MOD和HIT课程数量显著减少（P = 0.021，效应量 = 0.98）。两组在训练方面未发现其他差异。在强化训练期内，EXP组的RS3000m有所提高（2.1%±2.0%，P = 0.004），而TRAD组未提高（1.1%±2.7%，P = 0.118）。在RS3000m的变化方面发现了较小的组间差异（效应量 = 0.42）。两组的V˙O2max均有所提高（EXP组：3.7%±4.6%，P = 0.027；TRAD组：5.0%±5.2%，P = 0.002）。
本研究结果表明，静息HRV通过个性化高强度训练课程的时间安排来制定耐力训练处方具有潜在可能性。
