Wang Jun, Li Zhong-yi, Wu Qiang
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2015 Nov;26(11):3523-31.
Stock enhancement is increasingly proved to be an important measure of the fishery resources conservation, and the assessment of carrying capacity is the decisive factor of the effects of stock enhancement. Meanwhile, the variations in the energy flow patterns of releasing species and ecosystem were the basis for assessing carrying capacity of stock enhancement. So, in the present study, based on the survey data collected from the Yellow River estuary and adjacent waters during 2012-2013, three Ecopath mass-balance models were established in June, August and October, and the variations in ecosystem energy flow in these months were analyzed, as well as the assessment of carrying capacity of swimming crab enhancement. The energy flow mainly concentrated on trophic level I-III in Yellow River estuary and adjacent waters, and was relatively less on trophic level IV or above. The system flow proportion on the trophic level I was the highest in June, and was the lowest in August. The highest system flow proportion on the trophic level II was found in August, and the lowest in June. The relative and absolute energy flow of swimming crab mainly concentrated on the trophic level III, and the mean trophic level of swimming crab among June, August and October were 3.28. Surplus production was relatively higher in Yellow River estuary and adjacent waters, the highest value was found in June, and the lowest value in August. The ratios of total primary production/total respiration (TPP/TR) were 5.49, 2.47 and 3.01 in June, August and October, respectively, and the ratios of total primary production/total biomass (TPP/B) were 47.61, 33.30 and 29.78, respectively. Combined with the low Finn' s cycling index (FCI: 0.03-0.06), these changes indicated that the Yellow River estuary ecosystem was at an early development stage with higher vulnerability. The energy conversion efficiency of system was from 7.3% to 11.5%, the mean trophic levels of the catch were 3.23, 2.97 and 2.82 in June, August and October, respectively. The highest gross efficiency of the fishery was found in August, and the lowest in June. Finally, based on the Ecopath model in August survey, the preliminarily assessed carrying capacity of swimming crab was 1.5115 t · km(-2) in Yellow River estuary and adjacent waters.
增殖放流日益被证明是渔业资源养护的一项重要措施，而对环境容纳量的评估是增殖放流效果的决定性因素。同时，放流物种和生态系统能量流动模式的变化是评估增殖放流环境容纳量的基础。因此，在本研究中，基于2012—2013年黄河口及邻近水域的调查数据，于6月、8月和10月分别建立了3个Ecopath质量平衡模型，分析了这几个月生态系统能量流动的变化情况，以及对三疣梭子蟹增殖放流环境容纳量的评估。黄河口及邻近水域的能量流动主要集中在营养级Ⅰ—Ⅲ，营养级Ⅳ及以上相对较少。营养级Ⅰ的系统流量比例6月最高，8月最低。营养级Ⅱ的系统流量比例8月最高，6月最低。三疣梭子蟹的相对能量流和绝对能量流主要集中在营养级Ⅲ，6月、8月和10月三疣梭子蟹的平均营养级为3.28。黄河口及邻近水域的剩余产量相对较高，6月最高，8月最低。6月、8月和10月的总初级生产力/总呼吸量（TPP/TR）比值分别为5.49、2.47和3.01，总初级生产力/总生物量（TPP/B）比值分别为47.61、33.30和29.78。结合较低的芬恩循环指数（FCI：0.03—0.06），这些变化表明黄河口生态系统处于早期发育阶段，脆弱性较高。系统的能量转换效率为7.3%至11.5%，6月、8月和10月渔获物的平均营养级分别为3.23、2.97和2.82。渔业总效率8月最高，6月最低。最后，基于8月调查的Ecopath模型，初步评估黄河口及邻近水域三疣梭子蟹的环境容纳量为1.5115 t·km⁻²。
