Emhardt E, Siegel J, Hoffman L
Class of 2016, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46220.
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224.
Clin Anat. 2016 Jul;29(5):665-72. doi: 10.1002/ca.22703. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
Though the public consciousness is typically focused on factors such as psychology, penis size, and the presence of the "G-spot," there are other anatomical and neuro-anatomic differences that could play an equal, or more important, role in the frequency and intensity of orgasms. Discovering these variations could direct further medical or procedural management to improve sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study is to review the available literature of anatomical sexual variation and to explain why this variation may predispose some patients toward a particular sexual experience. In this review, we explored the available literature on sexual anatomy and neuro-anatomy. We used PubMed and OVID Medline for search terms, including orgasm, penile size variation, clitoral variation, Grafenberg spot, and benefits of orgasm. First we review the basic anatomy and innervation of the reproductive organs. Then we describe several anatomical variations that likely play a superior role to popular known variation (penis size, presence of g-spot, etc). For males, the delicate play between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems is vital to achieve orgasm. For females, the autonomic component is more complex. The clitoris is the primary anatomical feature for female orgasm, including its migration toward the anterior vaginal wall. In conclusions, orgasms are complex phenomena involving psychological, physiological, and anatomic variation. While these variations predispose people to certain sexual function, future research should explore how to surgically or medically alter these. Clin. Anat. 29:665-672, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
尽管公众的认知通常集中在心理、阴茎大小和“G 点”的存在等因素上，但还有其他解剖学和神经解剖学差异，这些差异在性高潮的频率和强度方面可能起到同等重要或更重要的作用。发现这些差异可以指导进一步的医学或程序管理，以提高性满意度。本研究的目的是回顾现有的关于解剖学性别差异的文献，并解释为什么这种差异可能使一些患者倾向于某种特定的性体验。在这篇综述中，我们探索了关于性解剖学和神经解剖学的现有文献。我们使用 PubMed 和 OVID 医学数据库进行检索，检索词包括性高潮、阴茎大小差异、阴蒂差异、格拉芬伯格点以及性高潮的益处。首先，我们回顾生殖器官的基本解剖结构和神经支配。然后，我们描述几种解剖学差异，这些差异可能比广为人知的差异（阴茎大小、G 点的存在等）发挥更重要的作用。对于男性来说，副交感神经系统和交感神经系统之间的微妙相互作用对于达到性高潮至关重要。对于女性来说，自主神经系统的组成更为复杂。阴蒂是女性性高潮的主要解剖特征，包括其向阴道前壁的迁移。总之，性高潮是涉及心理、生理和解剖学差异的复杂现象。虽然这些差异使人们倾向于某些性功能，但未来的研究应该探索如何通过手术或医学手段改变这些差异。《临床解剖学》2016 年第 29 卷：665 - 672 页。© 2016 威利期刊公司。
