Ezike Adaobi Chioma, Okonkwo Chinelo Henrietta, Akah Peter Achunike, Okoye Theophine Chinwuba, Nworu Chukwuemeka Sylvester, Mbaoji Florence Nwakaego, Nwabunike Ifeoma Amarachukwu, Onyeto Collins Azubuike
a Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nigeria , Nsukka , Enugu State , Nigeria.
Pharm Biol. 2016 Oct;54(10):2017-25. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1138970. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
Context Landolphia owariensis P. Beauv. (Apocyanaceae) leaf is used in southeast Nigeria to treat malaria. Objective This study evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of L. owariensis leaf extract and fractions, also the phytoconstituents were standardized and analyzed. Methods The effects of daily, oral administrations of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of L. owariensis leaf extract (LOE), its hexane (LOHF), ethyl acetate (LOEF) and methanol (LOMF) fractions on early, established and residual infections in Plasmodium berghei-infected albino mice were evaluated in vivo. The extract and fractions were subjected to phytochemical analysis and HPLC fingerprinting, and the acute toxicity of LOE was evaluated. Results The extract and fractions elicited 29-86, 18-95 and 75-96% significant (p < 0.001) suppression of parasitemia in early, established and residual infections, respectively. The ED50 values for suppressive activity of LOE, LOHF, LOEF and LOMF were 266.56, 514.93, 392.95 and 165.70 mg/kg, respectively. The post-day 30-survival index was 16.7-50, 16.7, 16.7-66.7 and 50-83.3% for LOE, LOHF, LOEF, and LOMF, respectively. Extract-treated mice significantly (p < 0.001) gained weight and had reduced mortality compared with negative control (untreated) mice. An oral LD50 value >5000 mg/kg in mice was established for LOE. The LOMF showed the greatest antiplasmodial activity in all the models, suggesting that the antimalarial activity of the plant may be attributed to alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins present in the fraction. Conclusion Results demonstrate the antiplasmodial activity of L. owariensis leaf, and provide a pharmacological rationale for its ethnomedicinal use as an antimalarial agent.
兰多菲亚奥瓦里ensis P. Beauv.（夹竹桃科）叶在尼日利亚东南部用于治疗疟疾。目的：本研究评估了奥瓦里ensis叶提取物及其馏分的抗疟活性，并对植物成分进行了标准化和分析。方法：在体内评估了每日口服200、400和800mg/kg的奥瓦里ensis叶提取物（LOE）、其己烷（LOHF）、乙酸乙酯（LOEF）和甲醇（LOMF）馏分对感染伯氏疟原虫的白化小鼠早期、已建立和残留感染的影响。对提取物及其馏分进行了植物化学分析和HPLC指纹图谱分析，并评估了LOE的急性毒性。结果：提取物及其馏分在早期、已建立和残留感染中分别引起29-86%、18-95%和75-96%的显著（p<0.001）疟原虫血症抑制。LOE、LOHF、LOEF和LOMF抑制活性的ED50值分别为266.56、514.93、392.95和165.70mg/kg。LOE、LOHF、LOEF和LOMF在第30天后的存活指数分别为16.7-50%、16.7%、16.7-66.7%和50-83.3%。与阴性对照（未治疗）小鼠相比，提取物处理的小鼠体重显著增加（p<0.001），死亡率降低。确定LOE在小鼠中的口服LD50值>5000mg/kg。LOMF在所有模型中显示出最大的抗疟活性，表明该植物的抗疟活性可能归因于该馏分中存在的生物碱、黄酮类化合物、皂苷和单宁。结论：结果证明了奥瓦里ensis叶的抗疟活性，并为其作为抗疟剂的民族药用提供了药理学依据。
