Hawkes J G, Villota R
Department of Food Science, University of Illinois, Urbana.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1989;28(6):439-538.
Nutritional deficiencies are eminent at all socioeconomic levels of the world population and have created a critical need for a reevaluation of the nutritional quality of the food supply. A particular group of vitamers, collectively referred to as folates, has received a great deal of attention due to their significance in human metabolism, their prevalent deficiency worldwide, as well as their complexity of analysis. Severe folate deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia and is generally attributed to low dietary intake, although it may also result from malabsorption. Such concerns have instigated increased interest in food-fortification programs. In order to ensure appropriate levels of nutrient fortification and optimization of food processes for maximum folate retention, it is of great importance to have a basic understanding of the kinetic behavior of individual vitamers with respect to processing parameters and various environmental conditions. This article reviews kinetic stability of folates as affected by processing conditions, discusses problems associated with current methodology for folate analyses, and integrates this information with the nutritional aspects of folates.
营养缺乏在世界人口的所有社会经济层面都很突出，这使得重新评估食物供应的营养质量成为迫切需求。一组特殊的维生素，统称为叶酸，因其在人体新陈代谢中的重要性、在全球范围内普遍缺乏以及分析的复杂性而备受关注。严重的叶酸缺乏可能导致巨幼细胞贫血，通常归因于饮食摄入不足，尽管也可能由吸收不良引起。这些担忧促使人们对食品强化计划的兴趣增加。为了确保适当的营养素强化水平并优化食品加工以最大程度保留叶酸，了解各个维生素在加工参数和各种环境条件下的动力学行为至关重要。本文综述了加工条件对叶酸动力学稳定性的影响，讨论了当前叶酸分析方法存在的问题，并将这些信息与叶酸的营养方面进行了整合。
