Echarri María José, Lopez-Martin Ana, Hitt Ricardo
Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Avenida Orellana s/n, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2016 Feb 26;8(3):27. doi: 10.3390/cancers8030027.
Surgery and radiotherapy are the standard treatment options for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Chemoradiotherapy is an alternative for patients with locally advanced disease. In recurrent/metastatic disease and after progression to platin-based regimens, no standard treatments other than best supportive care are currently available. Most SCCHN tumours overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This receptor is a tyrosine-kinase membrane receptor that has been implicated in angiogenesis, tumour progression and resistance to different cancer treatments. In this review, we analysed the different drugs and pathways under development to treat SCCHN, especially recurrent/metastatic disease. Until now, the EGFR signalling pathway has been considered the most important target with respect to new drugs; however, new drugs, such as immunotherapies, are currently under study. As new treatments for SCCHN are developed, the influence of therapies with respect to overall survival, progression free survival and quality of life in patients with this disease is changing.
手术和放射治疗是头颈部鳞状细胞癌（SCCHN）患者的标准治疗选择。对于局部晚期疾病患者，放化疗是一种替代方案。在复发性/转移性疾病以及进展到基于铂类的治疗方案后，目前除了最佳支持治疗外没有其他标准治疗方法。大多数头颈部鳞状细胞癌肿瘤过度表达表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）。该受体是一种酪氨酸激酶膜受体，与血管生成、肿瘤进展以及对不同癌症治疗的耐药性有关。在本综述中，我们分析了正在研发的用于治疗头颈部鳞状细胞癌，尤其是复发性/转移性疾病的不同药物和途径。到目前为止，就新药而言，EGFR信号通路一直被认为是最重要的靶点；然而，目前免疫疗法等新药正在研究中。随着针对头颈部鳞状细胞癌的新治疗方法的开发，这些疗法对该疾病患者的总生存期、无进展生存期和生活质量的影响正在发生变化。
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