Jeong Sohyun, Kim Jae Hyun, Kim Myeong Gyu, Han Nayoung, Kim In-Wha, Kim Therasa, Oh Jung Mi
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Onco Targets Ther. 2016 Feb 9;9:655-69. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S97602. eCollection 2016.
CASR gene appears to be involved in cancer biology and physiology. However, a number of studies investigating CASR polymorphisms and cancer risks have presented inconclusive results. Thus, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the effect of CASR polymorphisms on several cancer risks were performed to suggest a statistical evidence for the association of CASR polymorphisms with cancer risks.
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the HuGE databases were searched. Nineteen articles of case-control and cohort studies were included for the final analysis.
The colorectal cancer risk was reduced in proximal (odds ratio [OR] =0.679, P=0.001) and distal (OR =0.753, P=0.026) colon sites with GG genotype of CASR rs1042636 and increased in distal colon site (OR =1.418, P=0.039) with GG genotype of rs1801726 by additive genetic model. The rs17251221 demonstrated noticeable associations that carrying a homozygote variant increases breast and prostate cancer risk considerably.
The significant association of CASR polymorphisms with several cancer risks was observed in this review. In particular, the act of CASR polymorphisms as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene differs by cancer site and can be the research target for tumorigenesis.
钙敏感受体（CASR）基因似乎参与癌症生物学和生理学过程。然而，多项研究调查CASR基因多态性与癌症风险的关系，结果并不一致。因此，我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以探讨CASR基因多态性对多种癌症风险的影响，为CASR基因多态性与癌症风险之间的关联提供统计学证据。
检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science、Scopus和HuGE数据库。最终纳入19篇病例对照研究和队列研究进行分析。
在钙敏感受体基因rs1042636的GG基因型中，近端结肠癌（比值比[OR]=0.679，P=0.001）和远端结肠癌（OR=0.753，P=0.026）的风险降低；在rs1801726的GG基因型中，远端结肠癌风险增加（OR=1.418，P=0.039），采用加性遗传模型。rs17251221显示出显著关联，携带纯合子变异会显著增加乳腺癌和前列腺癌风险。
本综述观察到CASR基因多态性与多种癌症风险之间存在显著关联。特别是，CASR基因多态性作为肿瘤抑制因子或癌基因的作用因癌症部位而异，可以作为肿瘤发生的研究靶点。
