Alwaneen Waleed S
Pak J Biol Sci. 2016 Jan;19(1):1-10. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2016.1.10.
Dairy industry is flourishing in Saudi Arabia for the last two decades producing milk and milk products to meet the population needs. Simultaneously, it is also producing large amount of dairy waste (animal manure) posing a serious environmental issues. Vermicomposting (conversion of animal manure into compost by bacterial treatments) is considered as one of the safest means for efficient management and to mitigate environmental pollution issues resulting from land disposal of raw dairy wastes. The main objective of this studywas to summarize different processes of vermicomposting and identified the most important bacteria species suitable for vermicomposting using animal manure especially the cowdung. The review showed that among the different bacteria species, Eisenia fetida is the most efficient and commonly used bacteria for vermicomposting to develop compost using cow dung (dairy manure). Overall,this review has highlighted the various vermicomposting technologies, various bacteria species involved in vermicomposting, effect on soil and plant growth as well as the benefits of using compost prepared by way of vermicomposting. The study showed a lot of potential for the production of compost by vermicomposting technology using appropriate bacteria species which is safe, friendly and is associated with minimum environmental issues for safe land disposal of dairy waste (animal manure) with minimum possible environmental issues for the adjacent population.
在过去二十年里，沙特阿拉伯的乳制品行业蓬勃发展，生产牛奶和奶制品以满足民众需求。与此同时，该行业也产生了大量的乳制品废弃物（动物粪便），带来了严重的环境问题。蚯蚓堆肥法（通过细菌处理将动物粪便转化为堆肥）被认为是有效管理和减轻因原始乳制品废弃物土地处置而导致的环境污染问题的最安全方法之一。本研究的主要目的是总结蚯蚓堆肥的不同过程，并确定最适合使用动物粪便（尤其是牛粪）进行蚯蚓堆肥的重要细菌种类。综述表明，在不同的细菌种类中，赤子爱胜蚓是利用牛粪（乳牛粪）进行蚯蚓堆肥以制成堆肥最有效且最常用的细菌。总体而言，本综述突出了各种蚯蚓堆肥技术、参与蚯蚓堆肥的各种细菌种类、对土壤和植物生长的影响以及使用通过蚯蚓堆肥制备的堆肥的益处。该研究表明，利用合适的细菌种类通过蚯蚓堆肥技术生产堆肥具有很大潜力，这种方法安全、友好，且与乳制品废弃物（动物粪便）安全土地处置相关的环境问题最少，对周边居民造成的环境问题也尽可能最小。
