Madea Burkhard, Stockhausen Sarah, Doberentz Elke
Arch Kriminol. 2016 Jan-Feb;237(1-2):1-12.
Estimation of the time of immersion is a common problem in forensic medicine. In Germany since about 50 years a table for estimating the minimum time interval of immersion is used. This table was developed taking into account signs of progressive putrefaction and maceration and the monthly average water temperature. The reliability of this table was already checked some years ago. In the study presented, 33 further cases were evaluated. When the average monthly water temperatures used in the table are compared to the actual values, the temperatures in the river Rhine have risen during the last 40 years. Therefore, always the actual water temperature has to be measured and to be taken into consideration for the estimation of immersion time. Since there may be also fluctuations of the monthly water temperatures in cases of longer lasting immersion, a temperature profile has to be taken and the mean water temperature has to be calculated. Besides, the table of Reh should be adapted to the increased water temperatures.
估算浸泡时间是法医学中的一个常见问题。在德国，大约50年来一直使用一张用于估算浸泡最短时间间隔的表格。该表格是在考虑渐进性腐败和浸软迹象以及月平均水温的基础上制定的。几年前已经对该表格的可靠性进行了检验。在本研究中，又评估了33个案例。当将表格中使用的月平均水温与实际值进行比较时，莱茵河的水温在过去40年中有所上升。因此，在估算浸泡时间时，必须始终测量实际水温并予以考虑。由于在浸泡时间较长的情况下，月水温也可能存在波动，因此必须获取温度曲线并计算平均水温。此外，雷氏表格应根据水温升高情况进行调整。
