Viney Mark, Kikuchi Taisei
School of Biological Sciences,University of Bristol,Bristol BS8 1TQ,UK.
Division of Parasitology,Faculty of Medicine,University of Miyazaki,Miyazaki,Japan.
Parasitology. 2017 Mar;144(3):285-294. doi: 10.1017/S0031182016000020. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Strongyloides spp. are common parasites of vertebrates and two species, S. ratti and S. venezuelensis, parasitize rats; there are no known species that naturally infect mice. Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis overlap in their geographical range and in these regions co-infections appear to be common. These species have been widely used as tractable laboratory systems in rats as well as mice. The core biology of these two species is similar, but there are clear differences in aspects of their within-host biology as well as in their free-living generation. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that S. ratti and S. venezuelensis are the result of two independent evolutionary transitions to parasitism of rats, which therefore presents an ideal opportunity to begin to investigate the basis of host specificity in Strongyloides spp.
类圆线虫属是脊椎动物的常见寄生虫，其中鼠类类圆线虫和委内瑞拉类圆线虫这两个物种寄生于大鼠；目前尚无已知自然感染小鼠的物种。鼠类类圆线虫和委内瑞拉类圆线虫在地理分布上有重叠，在这些地区共感染似乎很常见。这些物种已被广泛用作大鼠和小鼠易于处理的实验室系统。这两个物种的核心生物学特性相似，但在宿主体内生物学以及自由生活世代方面存在明显差异。系统发育证据表明，鼠类类圆线虫和委内瑞拉类圆线虫是两次独立向大鼠寄生进化转变的结果，因此这为开始研究类圆线虫属宿主特异性的基础提供了理想的机会。
