Oxidative stress and antioxidant deficiency have been implicated in the pathophysiology of a wide range of diseases and conditions. Consequently, over recent years many different supplementation trials have been implemented, aimed at improving clinical outcomes by boosting antioxidant levels. These trials included supplementation with individual antioxidants, antioxidant combinations, and antioxidant-rich foods such as fruit and vegetable juices and other plant extracts. To ensure that data from these trials are interpreted correctly, it is essential that suitable biomarkers are used to assess changes in in vivo antioxidant activity resulting from supplementation. Therefore, the measurement of antioxidant systems, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and status of other molecules in biological fluids with their quantification methods are simplified in this chapter.
氧化应激和抗氧化剂缺乏与多种疾病和病症的病理生理学有关。因此，近年来开展了许多不同的补充试验，旨在通过提高抗氧化剂水平来改善临床结果。这些试验包括补充单一抗氧化剂、抗氧化剂组合以及富含抗氧化剂的食物，如果汁和其他植物提取物。为确保正确解读这些试验的数据，使用合适的生物标志物来评估补充后体内抗氧化活性的变化至关重要。因此，本章简化了抗氧化系统的测量方法，如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶，以及生物体液中其他分子的状态及其定量方法。
