Mayoral-Trias M A, Llopis-Perez J, Puigdollers Pérez A
Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain.
Statistics Consultant, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2016 Mar;17(1):65-9.
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental anomalies from panoramic radiographs of age-matched individuals with and without Down Syndrome (DS).
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. A group of 41 patients (19 female and 22 male) with Down Syndrome (DS), mean age 10.6 ± 1.4 and a control group of 42 non- DS patients (26 female and 16 male), mean age 11.1 ± 1.3 were studied.
This study examined the medical history and a panoramic radiograph of each patient. The dental anomalies studied were agenesis of permanent teeth (except third molars), size and shape maxillary lateral anomalies and maxillary canine eruption path anomalies.
The groups were compared using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon non-parametric tests (p<0.05). Rho Spearman correlation coefficient was applied for associations. Results Agenesis of one permanent tooth was found in 73.17% of DS subjects and two or more permanent teeth in more than 50% (p<0.001). Maxillary lateral incisor was the most frequently absent tooth followed by mandibular second premolar, mandibular lateral incisor, maxillary second premolar and mandibular central incisor. No significant differences were detected between maxilla and mandible on either side. No differences in gender were observed. Significant differences were found for size and shape anomalies of maxillary lateral incisors, as well as for canine eruption anomalies (p<0.05). No gender differences were observed for either variable. No association was found between these two variables in the DS group.
More dental anomalies were present in the DS group than in the control group, which implied that DS patients need periodical dental and orthodontic supervision so as to prevent or control subsequent oral problems.
本研究旨在比较患有和未患有唐氏综合征（DS）的年龄匹配个体全景X线片上牙齿异常的患病率。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究。研究了一组41例唐氏综合征（DS）患者（19例女性和22例男性），平均年龄10.6±1.4岁，以及一组42例非DS患者（26例女性和16例男性），平均年龄11.1±1.3岁。
本研究检查了每位患者的病史和全景X线片。所研究的牙齿异常包括恒牙先天缺失（第三磨牙除外）、上颌侧切牙大小和形态异常以及上颌尖牙萌出路径异常。
采用Mann-Whitney和Wilcoxon非参数检验对两组进行比较（p<0.05）。应用Rho Spearman相关系数分析相关性。结果：73.17%的DS患者存在一颗恒牙先天缺失，超过50%的患者存在两颗或更多恒牙先天缺失（p<0.001）。上颌侧切牙是最常缺失的牙齿，其次是下颌第二前磨牙、下颌侧切牙、上颌第二前磨牙和下颌中切牙。两侧上颌和下颌之间未检测到显著差异。未观察到性别差异。在上颌侧切牙的大小和形态异常以及尖牙萌出异常方面发现了显著差异（p<0.05）。两个变量在性别上均未观察到差异。DS组中这两个变量之间未发现关联。
DS组的牙齿异常比对照组更多，这意味着DS患者需要定期进行牙科和正畸检查，以预防或控制后续的口腔问题。
