Johnson E H
J Natl Med Assoc. 1989 Dec;81(12):1217-23.
This study examined the relationship between symptoms of psychiatric morbidity and health problems among a nationally representative, cross-sectional sample of 2107 black adults from the National Survey of Black Americans. Subjects experiencing a high level of psychiatric symptomatology had a significantly higher number of health problems and reported a lower level of satisfaction with their overall health than blacks with low levels of psychiatric symptoms or those who never experienced emotional problems. Individuals with the highest level of psychiatric symptomatology were more likely to have been physician-diagnosed as having ulcers, hypertension, diabetes, kidney problems, nervous-emotional problems, and circulatory system difficulties. These relationships persisted after controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic factors, and traditional risk factors for health problems, such as smoking and alcohol use. Although generally consistent with previous research on predominantly white samples, these specific findings underscore the complexities involved in drawing inferences from associations between psychiatric symptomatology and health problems observed in cross-sectional surveys. Prospective psychiatric epidemiologic studies, utilizing better measures of psychological distress and objective health outcome measures, are needed to clarify the relationship between psychiatric difficulties and health problems among black Americans.
本研究在来自美国黑人全国调查的2107名具有全国代表性的成年黑人横断面样本中，考察了精神疾病发病率症状与健康问题之间的关系。与精神症状水平较低或从未经历过情绪问题的黑人相比，经历高水平精神症状的受试者有明显更多的健康问题，并且对其总体健康的满意度较低。精神症状水平最高的个体更有可能被医生诊断患有溃疡、高血压、糖尿病、肾脏问题、神经情绪问题和循环系统疾病。在控制了年龄、性别、社会经济因素以及健康问题的传统风险因素（如吸烟和饮酒）之后，这些关系依然存在。尽管这些具体发现总体上与之前对以白人为主的样本的研究一致，但它们强调了从横断面调查中观察到的精神症状与健康问题之间的关联进行推断时所涉及的复杂性。需要开展前瞻性精神疾病流行病学研究，采用更好的心理困扰测量方法和客观的健康结果测量方法，以阐明美国黑人中精神疾病与健康问题之间的关系。
