Zhang Ji, Xue Hong, Cheng Xi, Wang Zhihong, Zhai Fengying, Wang Youfa, Wang Huijun
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, New York, USA.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2016;25(1):134-41. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2016.25.1.17.
Over the past two decades, food environment has changed, and the obesity and overweight rates have increased dramatically in China. Previous studies have suggested an association between food environment and obesity, while most studies were based on the data from developed countries, and few were conducted in developing countries.
The current study evaluated the influence of food establishments (distance to and types of grocery store, free market, restaurant, and food stall) on body mass index (BMI) in 348 children aged 6-17 years, surveyed in the 2009 and 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey in nine provinces. Food establishments were assessed using geographic information system (GIS) data. Weight and height of children were directly measured.
Our longitudinal analysis suggested boys in the 2nd quartile of the proximity to the nearest grocery store had higher BMI (by 1.6 kg/m2, 95% CI, 0.07 to 3.24) as compared to those in the 1st quartile, while girls in higher quartiles had lower BMI (-1.78 kg/m2, 95% CI: -3.38 to - 0.18, 2nd quartile; -1.62 kg/m2, 95%: -3.22 to -0.01, 3rd quartile) as compared to those in the 1st quartile. Boys and girls in the 2nd quartile of the proximity to the nearest Chinese restaurant had lower BMI (-1.69 kg/m2, 95% CI: - 3.27 to -0.12; -1.76 kg/m2, 95% CI: -3.26, -0.27, respectively) as compared to those in the 1st quartile.
Food environment may affect children's BMI in China, while the association is inconsistent with previous studies. Further research is needed.
在过去二十年里，中国的食物环境发生了变化，肥胖和超重率急剧上升。先前的研究表明食物环境与肥胖之间存在关联，但大多数研究基于发达国家的数据，在发展中国家开展的研究较少。
本研究评估了食品经营场所（与杂货店、自由市场、餐馆和食品摊的距离及类型）对348名6至17岁儿童体重指数（BMI）的影响，这些儿童来自九个省份，参与了2009年和2011年的中国健康与营养调查。利用地理信息系统（GIS）数据评估食品经营场所。直接测量儿童的体重和身高。
我们的纵向分析表明，与处于第一四分位数的男孩相比，距离最近杂货店处于第二四分位数的男孩BMI更高（高1.6kg/m²，95%置信区间为0.07至3.24）；与处于第一四分位数的女孩相比，处于较高四分位数的女孩BMI更低（第二四分位数时低1.78kg/m²，95%置信区间为-3.38至-0.18；第三四分位数时低1.62kg/m²，95%置信区间为-3.22至-0.01）。与处于第一四分位数的男孩和女孩相比，距离最近中餐馆处于第二四分位数的男孩和女孩BMI更低（分别低1.69kg/m²，95%置信区间为-3.27至-0.12；低1.76kg/m²，95%置信区间为-3.26至-0.27）。
在中国，食物环境可能影响儿童的BMI，但其关联与先前的研究不一致。需要进一步研究。
