Lian Marianne, Beckmen Kimberlee B, Bentzen Torsten W, Demma Dominic J, Arnemo Jon M
1 Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Hedmark University College, Campus Evenstad, NO-2480 Elverum, Norway.
2 Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701-1551, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2016 Apr 28;52(2):327-34. doi: 10.7589/2015-04-101. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
Carfentanil-xylazine (CX) has been the primary drug combination used for immobilizing free-ranging ungulates in Alaska, US since 1986. We investigated the efficacy of a potential new drug of choice, thiafentanil (Investigational New Animal Drug A-3080). Captive trials indicated that thiafentanil-azaperone-medetomidine could provide good levels of immobilization. However, field trials conducted in October 2013 on free-ranging caribou ( Rangifer tarandus granti) calves showed the combination too potent, causing three respiratory arrests and one mortality. The protocol was revised to thiafentanil-azaperone-xylazine (TAX), with good results. The induction time was not significantly different between the two combinations. However, the recovery time was significantly shorter for the TAX group than for the CX group. A physiologic evaluation was performed on 12 animals immobilized on CX and 15 animals on TAX. Arterial blood was collected after induction and again after 10 min of intranasal oxygen supplements (1 L/min). Both groups had significant increases in partial pressure of arterial oxygen after oxygen treatment. There was a concurrent significant increase in partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide in both groups. Rectal temperature increased significantly in both groups during the downtime, which is consistent with other studies of potent opioids in ungulates. On the basis of our results, we found TAX to be a potential alternative for the current CX protocol for immobilizing free-ranging caribou calves via helicopter darting.
自1986年以来，卡芬太尼-赛拉嗪（CX）一直是美国阿拉斯加用于固定自由放养有蹄类动物的主要药物组合。我们研究了一种潜在的新选择药物噻芬太尼（研究用新动物药A-3080）的有效性。圈养试验表明，噻芬太尼-阿扎哌隆-美托咪定可提供良好的固定效果。然而，2013年10月对自由放养的北美驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus granti）幼崽进行的野外试验表明，该组合药效过强，导致3例呼吸骤停和1例死亡。方案修订为噻芬太尼-阿扎哌隆-赛拉嗪（TAX），效果良好。两种组合的诱导时间无显著差异。然而，TAX组的恢复时间明显短于CX组。对12只使用CX固定的动物和15只使用TAX固定的动物进行了生理评估。诱导后以及经鼻补充氧气（1升/分钟）10分钟后采集动脉血。两组在氧气治疗后动脉血氧分压均显著升高。两组动脉血二氧化碳分压同时显著升高。在休息期间，两组的直肠温度均显著升高，这与其他关于有蹄类动物强效阿片类药物的研究结果一致。根据我们的研究结果，我们发现TAX可能是目前通过直升机注射固定自由放养北美驯鹿幼崽的CX方案的替代方法。
