Haslam Alyson, Robb Sara Wagner, Bonner Matthew R, Lindblad William, Allegra Joey, Shen Ye, Vena John E
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
J Environ Sci (China). 2016 Mar;41:270-277. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.05.004. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
Fish from the Great Lakes contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) which have been shown to disrupt endocrine function and mimic thyroid hormones, but they also contain beneficial omega-3 fatty acids that may offer protection against endocrine cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lake Ontario fish consumption and the estimated consumption of PCBs and omega-3 fatty acids on the risk of thyroid cancer in a group of sport fishermen. Anglers from the New York State Angler Cohort Study were followed for cancer incidence from 1991-2008. Twenty-seven cases of incident thyroid cancer and 108 controls were included in the analyses. Total estimated fish consumption, estimated omega-3 fatty acid consumption, and estimated PCB consumption from Lake Ontario fish were examined for an association with the incidence of thyroid cancer, while matching on sex, and controlling for age and smoking status. Results from logistic regression indicate no significant associations between fish consumption, short-term estimated omega-3 fatty acids, or estimated PCB consumption from Great Lakes fish and the development of thyroid cancer, but it was suggested that long-term omega-3 fatty acid from Great Lakes fish may be protective of the development of thyroid cancer. In conclusion, fish consumption, with the possible concomitant PCBs, from the Great Lakes does not appear to increase the risk of thyroid cancer in New York anglers. Further research is needed in order to separate the individual health effects of PCBs from omega-3 fatty acids contained within the fish.
来自五大湖的鱼类含有多氯联苯（PCBs），已证实这些物质会扰乱内分泌功能并模拟甲状腺激素，但它们也含有有益的ω-3脂肪酸，可能对预防内分泌癌症有保护作用。本研究的目的是调查食用安大略湖鱼类以及估计摄入的多氯联苯和ω-3脂肪酸对一组休闲渔民患甲状腺癌风险的影响。对纽约州垂钓者队列研究中的垂钓者从1991年至2008年进行癌症发病率跟踪。分析纳入了27例甲状腺癌新发病例和108名对照。研究了安大略湖鱼类的总估计食用量、估计的ω-3脂肪酸摄入量以及估计的多氯联苯摄入量与甲状腺癌发病率之间的关联，同时按性别匹配，并控制年龄和吸烟状况。逻辑回归结果表明，食用鱼类、短期估计的ω-3脂肪酸或五大湖鱼类估计的多氯联苯摄入量与甲状腺癌的发生之间无显著关联，但有研究表明，五大湖鱼类中的长期ω-3脂肪酸可能对甲状腺癌的发生有保护作用。总之，五大湖的鱼类消费，可能同时伴有多氯联苯，似乎不会增加纽约州垂钓者患甲状腺癌的风险。需要进一步研究以区分鱼类中多氯联苯和ω-3脂肪酸对健康的个体影响。
