Poon Kean, Ho Connie Suk-Han
Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong; Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Res Dev Disabil. 2016 Jun-Jul;53-54:296-304. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.02.017. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
Many studies reported that adolescents with ADHD/RD more frequently engage in risk-taking behaviors. Very few have examined their risk taking patterns and the impact of their comorbidity. The present study compared the risk-taking propensity, sensitivity to punishment and delinquency outcome in Chinese adolescents with ADHD symptoms (AS) and/or RD using a simulated risk task, the Balloon Analogous Risk Task (BART). Adolescents with AS (n=37), RD (n=35), AS+RD (n=35), and control (n=36) were recruited from local secondary schools. Results showed that adolescents with ADHD, despite their great risk-taking propensity, were sensitive to immediate punishment whereas adolescents with RD were found to display normal risk-taking propensity, yet showed a tendency of being less sensitive to punishment. The comorbidity ADHD+RD group had the highest delinquency score, and exhibited greatest risk taking and least sensitivity to punishment, which provided further support that comorbid condition might have stronger impact on risk taking or even delinquency than the pure groups. The present findings provides a useful picture of the risk taking pattern associated with different groups, allowing for effective matching for future prevention and intervention program.
许多研究报告称，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍/阅读障碍（ADHD/RD）的青少年更频繁地参与冒险行为。很少有研究考察他们的冒险模式及其共病的影响。本研究使用模拟风险任务——气球模拟风险任务（BART），比较了有ADHD症状（AS）和/或阅读障碍（RD）的中国青少年的冒险倾向、对惩罚的敏感性和犯罪结果。从当地中学招募了患有AS（n = 37）、RD（n = 35）、AS + RD（n = 35）和对照组（n = 36）的青少年。结果显示，患有ADHD的青少年尽管冒险倾向很高，但对即时惩罚敏感，而患有RD的青少年表现出正常的冒险倾向，但对惩罚的敏感度较低。ADHD + RD共病组的犯罪得分最高，表现出最大的冒险行为且对惩罚最不敏感，这进一步支持了共病情况可能比单纯组对冒险行为甚至犯罪有更强的影响。本研究结果提供了与不同组相关的冒险模式的有用情况，可为未来预防和干预计划进行有效匹配。
