Wang Guoguang, Peng Jialin, Zhang Dahai, Li Xianguo
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
Environ Pollut. 2016 Jun;213:468-481. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.054. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
Sediment samples (n = 20) were collected from Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) and the adjacent East China Sea (ECS) inner shelf to explore spatial and temporal distributions, environmental fate, sources and potential health risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Concentrations of BDE-209 and total 7 PBDEs (without BDE-209; ∑7PBDEs) ranged from 62.3 to 1758 pg g(-1) and from 36.9 to 233.6 pg g(-1) dry weight, respectively; both of the highest values occurred near the city of Wenzhou. Concentrations of BDE-209 and ∑7PBDEs both indicated a decreasing trend from inshore areas toward outer shelf. Significantly positive linear correlations were only observed between logBDE-183 concentrations and TOC/grain size (r(2) = 0.6734 and 0.5977 for TOC and grain size, respectively) as well as BDE-209 and TOC/grain size (r(2) = 0.4137 and 0.5332 for TOC and grain size, respectively) in the north of 28(°)N, indicating that YR had significant influence on the distribution of higher brominated congeners only in the north part. Depth profiles of PBDEs in a sediment core P01 (n = 1, m = 11) collected from YRE showed that the input of BDE-209 gradually increased from 1930 to 2010, while the levels of ∑7PBDEs peaked in 1986 and obviously decreased in recent years. Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR) revealed that PBDEs in the coastal ECS were mainly from direct discharge of local anthropogenic activities (80.7%), followed by surface runoff of contaminated soils (15.1%), microbial degradation after sedimentation (2.6%) and photodegradation during atmospheric transportation (1.6%). The cancer risk of human exposure to BDE-209 at the 95% confidence level was 3.09 × 10(-7), 1.67 × 10(-7) and 8.86 × 10(-7) for children, teens and adults, respectively, significantly lower than the threshold level (10(-6)). Hazard index (HI) calculated for non-cancer risk was also far less than 1 for the three groups, suggesting no non-cancer risk.
采集了长江口（YRE）及毗邻的中国东海（ECS）内陆架的沉积物样本（n = 20），以探究多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的时空分布、环境归宿、来源及潜在健康风险。BDE - 209和7种多溴二苯醚总量（不含BDE - 209；∑7PBDEs）的浓度，干重分别为62.3至1758 pg g⁻¹和36.9至233.6 pg g⁻¹；两者的最高值均出现在温州市附近。BDE - 209和∑7PBDEs的浓度均显示出从近岸区域向外陆架递减的趋势。仅在28°N以北，logBDE - 183浓度与总有机碳/粒度之间（总有机碳和粒度的r²分别为0.6734和0.5977）以及BDE - 209与总有机碳/粒度之间（总有机碳和粒度的r²分别为0.4137和0.5332）观察到显著的正线性相关，表明长江仅对北部较高溴代同系物的分布有显著影响。从长江口采集的沉积物柱状样P01（n = 1，m = 11）中多溴二苯醚的深度剖面显示，BDE - 209的输入量从1930年到2010年逐渐增加，而∑7PBDEs的水平在1986年达到峰值，近年来明显下降。偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）表明，东海沿岸的多溴二苯醚主要来自当地人为活动的直接排放（80.7%），其次是受污染土壤的地表径流（15.1%）、沉积后的微生物降解（2.6%）和大气传输过程中的光降解（1.6%）。在95%置信水平下，儿童、青少年和成人暴露于BDE - 209的致癌风险分别为3.09×10⁻⁷、1.67×10⁻⁷和8.86×10⁻⁷，显著低于阈值水平（10⁻⁶）。计算得出的三组非致癌风险的危害指数（HI）也远小于1，表明不存在非致癌风险。
