Prusty Sonali, Kundu Shivlal Singh, Mondal Goutam, Sontakke Umesh, Sharma Vijay Kumar
Dairy Cattle Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India, 132001.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2016 Apr;48(4):807-15. doi: 10.1007/s11250-016-1033-6. Epub 2016 Mar 12.
To evaluate different levels of energy and protein for optimum growth of Murrah male buffalo calves, a growth trial (150 days) was conducted on 30 calves (body weight 202.5 ± 6.8 kg). Six diets were formulated to provide 90, 100 and 110% protein level and 90 and 110% energy level requirements for buffalo calves, derived from ICAR 2013 recommendations for buffaloes. The crude protein (CP) intake was increased with higher dietary CP, whereas no effect of energy levels or interaction between protein and energy was observed on CP intake. There were significant effects (P < 0.01) of the interaction between protein and energy (P < 0.05) on metabolizable energy (ME) intake. The digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) was higher (P < 0.0001) in high-energy groups compared to low-energy groups. The CP digestibility increased with the increased CP and ME of the rations. The absorbed N was improved linearly with an increased level of dietary CP, whereas the N retention was similar among all the groups distributed as per different energy or protein levels. The nutrient intake (protein or energy) per kg body weight (BW)(0.75) at various fortnight intervals was regressed linearly from the average daily gain (ADG) per kg BW(0.75). By setting the average daily gain at zero in the developed regression equation, a maintenance requirement was obtained, i.e. 133.1 kcal ME, 6.45 g CP and 3.95 g metabolizable protein (MP) per kg BW(0.75). Requirement for growth was 6.12 kcal ME, 0.46 g CP and 0.32 g MP per kg BW(0.75) per day. Metabolizable amino acid requirement was estimated from partitioning of MP intake and ADG. The ME requirements were lower, whereas the MP requirement of Murrah buffaloes was higher than ICAR (2013) recommendations.
为评估不同能量和蛋白质水平对穆拉雄性水牛犊牛最佳生长的影响，对30头犊牛（体重202.5±6.8千克）进行了为期150天的生长试验。根据印度农业研究理事会2013年对水牛的建议，配制了六种日粮，以提供90%、100%和110%的蛋白质水平以及90%和110%的能量水平，满足水牛犊牛的需求。随着日粮粗蛋白水平的提高，粗蛋白摄入量增加，而能量水平或蛋白质与能量之间的相互作用对粗蛋白摄入量没有影响。蛋白质与能量之间的相互作用对可代谢能量（ME）摄入量有显著影响（P<0.01），对蛋白质摄入量有显著影响（P<0.05）。与低能量组相比，高能量组的干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）和非纤维碳水化合物（NFC）消化率更高（P<0.0001）。日粮粗蛋白和可代谢能量增加时，粗蛋白消化率提高。随着日粮粗蛋白水平的提高，吸收的氮呈线性增加，而根据不同能量或蛋白质水平分配的所有组之间的氮保留量相似。每隔两周，每千克体重（BW）（0.75）的营养摄入量（蛋白质或能量）与每千克体重（BW）（0.75）的平均日增重（ADG）呈线性回归。通过在建立的回归方程中将平均日增重设为零，得出维持需求量，即每千克体重（BW）（0.75）需要133.1千卡可代谢能量、6.45克粗蛋白和3.95克可代谢蛋白（MP）。生长需求量为每千克体重（BW）（0.75）每天6.12千卡可代谢能量、0.46克粗蛋白和0.32克可代谢蛋白。可代谢氨基酸需求量通过可代谢蛋白摄入量和平均日增重的分配来估算。穆拉水牛的可代谢能量需求量较低，而可代谢蛋白需求量高于印度农业研究理事会（2013年）的建议。
