Stickley Andrew, Koyanagi Ai
The Stockholm Center for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, Huddinge 141 89, Sweden; Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
J Affect Disord. 2016 Jun;197:81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.054. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Loneliness has been linked to an increased risk of engaging in suicidal behavior. To date, however, there has been comparatively little research on this in the general adult population, or on the role of common mental disorders (CMDs) in this association. The current study examined these associations using nationally representative data from England.
Data came from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. Information was obtained from 7403 household residents aged ≥16 years on perceived loneliness and lifetime and past 12-month suicide ideation and attempts. The Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R) was used to assess six forms of CMD. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine these associations.
Loneliness was associated with suicidal behavior. Although adjusting for CMDs attenuated associations, higher levels of loneliness were still significantly associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts with odds ratios (OR) for those in the most severe loneliness category ranging from 3.45 (lifetime suicide attempt) to 17.37 (past 12-month suicide attempt). Further analyses showed that ORs for suicidal behavior were similar for individuals who were lonely without CMDs, and for those respondents with CMDs who were not lonely. Lonely individuals with CMDs had especially elevated odds for suicidal ideation.
This study used cross-sectional data and a single-item measure to obtain information on loneliness.
Loneliness is associated with suicidal behavior in the general adult population. This highlights the importance of efforts to reduce loneliness in order to mitigate its harmful effects on health and well-being.
孤独与自杀行为风险增加有关。然而，迄今为止，在一般成年人群中对此的研究相对较少，对于常见精神障碍（CMDs）在这种关联中的作用研究也较少。本研究使用来自英格兰的具有全国代表性的数据对这些关联进行了调查。
数据来自2007年成人精神病发病率调查。从7403名年龄≥16岁的家庭居民中获取了关于感知到的孤独感、终生及过去12个月的自杀意念和自杀未遂情况的信息。使用修订后的临床访谈时间表（CIS-R）评估六种形式的CMDs。采用逻辑回归分析来研究这些关联。
孤独与自杀行为有关。尽管对CMDs进行调整后关联减弱，但孤独感较高水平仍与自杀意念和自杀未遂显著相关，最严重孤独类别者的比值比（OR）范围从3.45（终生自杀未遂）到17.37（过去12个月自杀未遂）。进一步分析表明，无CMDs的孤独个体与有CMDs但不孤独的个体的自杀行为OR相似。患有CMDs的孤独个体的自杀意念几率尤其升高。
本研究使用横断面数据和单一项目测量来获取孤独感信息。
在一般成年人群中，孤独与自杀行为有关。这凸显了努力减少孤独感以减轻其对健康和幸福的有害影响的重要性。
