Zhang Shi-Kun, Ma Qian, Li Su-Bo, Gao Hong-Wei, Tan Ying-Xia, Gong Feng, Ji Shou-Ping
Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Jun 28;26(6):1046-56. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1510.10074.
RV-23 is a melittin-related antibacterial peptide (MRP) with lower cytotoxicity than either melittin or AR-23, another MRP. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of RV- 23's antibacterial selectivity and its hemocompatibility. The results showed that all the peptides exhibited lytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with RV-23 showing the highest potency. Moreover, RV-23 had lower cytotoxicity than melittin or AR-23 at their minimal inhibitory concentration. In addition, CD experiments showed that melittin, RV-23, and AR-23 all had a typical α-helical structure, and RV-23 had the lowest α-helix content. The structural information showed that RV-23 has the lowest hydrophobicity and highest hydrophobic moment. Because hydrophobicity and α-helix content are believed to correlate with hemolysis, the results indicate that the selective lytic activity against bacteria of RV-23 may be due to its low hydrophobicity and α-helicity, which lead to low cytotoxicity without affecting antibacterial activity. Furthermore, RV-23 did not affect the structure and function of blood components such as red blood cells, platelets, albumin, and the blood coagulation system. In conclusion, RV-23 is a cell-selective antibacterial peptide with high hemocompatibility due to its unique structure.
RV-23是一种与蜂毒肽相关的抗菌肽（MRP），其细胞毒性低于蜂毒肽或另一种MRP——AR-23。本研究的目的是探索RV-23抗菌选择性的机制及其血液相容性。结果表明，所有这些肽对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均表现出裂解活性，其中RV-23的活性最高。此外，在最小抑菌浓度下，RV-23的细胞毒性低于蜂毒肽或AR-23。另外，圆二色性实验表明，蜂毒肽、RV-23和AR-23均具有典型的α-螺旋结构，且RV-23的α-螺旋含量最低。结构信息显示，RV-23具有最低的疏水性和最高的疏水矩。由于疏水性和α-螺旋含量被认为与溶血相关，结果表明RV-23对细菌的选择性裂解活性可能归因于其低疏水性和低α-螺旋性，这导致其细胞毒性较低而不影响抗菌活性。此外，RV-23不影响红细胞、血小板、白蛋白等血液成分的结构和功能以及凝血系统。总之，RV-23因其独特的结构而成为一种具有高血液相容性的细胞选择性抗菌肽。
