Paltseva E M, Oskolkova S A, Polyakova V O, Krylova Yu S, Ivanova A G, Abramyan A V, Gavrilenko A V
Academician B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Arkh Patol. 2015 Sep-Oct;77(5):3-8. doi: 10.17116/patol20157753-8.
to study a change in the content of main components of the internal carotid artery (ICA) wall in pathological tortuosity (PT) resulting from fibromuscular dysplasia, using immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis using antibodies to elastin, collagen types I and III, and smooth muscle actin was made. The levels of elastin and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The relative area of expression and the area of co-location of these markers were measured.
IHC examination of the expression of elastin revealed that the patients with PT of ICA had its higher content than the controls, but they were observed to have fiber fragmentation. Comparison of collagen types I and III expressions showed no significant differences between the groups. The found significantly lower smooth muscle actin expression in the patients with PT of ICA than in the controls was suggestive of the decreased levels of smooth muscle cells. Confocal microscopy analysis showed high elastin and low MMP-9 expressions in the control group and, on the contrary, low elastin and high proteinase levels in the PT group (р<0.05).
One of the causes of PT is impairment in vascular elastic properties due to the destruction of elastic fibers and to their fragmentation, as well as to the decreased count of smooth muscle cells, which in turn causes enhanced MMP-9 activity and tissue matrix degradation.
采用免疫组织化学和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜技术，研究由纤维肌发育异常导致的颈内动脉（ICA）病理性迂曲时ICA壁主要成分含量的变化。
使用针对弹性蛋白、I型和III型胶原以及平滑肌肌动蛋白的抗体进行免疫组织化学（IHC）分析。通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜测定弹性蛋白和基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP - 9）的水平。测量这些标志物的相对表达面积和共定位面积。
对弹性蛋白表达的IHC检查显示，ICA病理性迂曲患者的弹性蛋白含量高于对照组，但观察到纤维断裂。I型和III型胶原表达的比较显示两组之间无显著差异。发现ICA病理性迂曲患者的平滑肌肌动蛋白表达明显低于对照组，提示平滑肌细胞水平降低。共聚焦显微镜分析显示，对照组弹性蛋白表达高而MMP - 9表达低，相反，病理性迂曲组弹性蛋白表达低而蛋白酶水平高（p<0.05）。
病理性迂曲的原因之一是由于弹性纤维的破坏及其断裂以及平滑肌细胞数量减少导致血管弹性特性受损，进而导致MMP - 9活性增强和组织基质降解。
