Glenney Gavin W, Barbash Patricia A, Coll John A
a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service , Lamar Fish Health Center , Post Office Box 155, Lamar , Pennsylvania 16848 , USA.
J Aquat Anim Health. 2016 Mar;28(1):46-55. doi: 10.1080/08997659.2015.1111270.
A novel herpesvirus was found by molecular methods in samples of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush from Lake Erie, Pennsylvania, and Lake Ontario, Keuka Lake, and Lake Otsego, New York. Based on PCR amplification and partial sequencing of polymerase, terminase, and glycoprotein genes, a number of isolates were identified as a novel virus, which we have named Namaycush herpesvirus (NamHV) salmonid herpesvirus 5 (SalHV5). Phylogenetic analyses of three NamHV genes indicated strong clustering with other members of the genus Salmonivirus, placing these isolates into family Alloherpesviridae. The NamHV isolates were identical in the three partially sequenced genes; however, they varied from other salmonid herpesviruses in nucleotide sequence identity. In all three of the genes sequenced, NamHV shared the highest sequence identity with Atlantic Salmon papillomatosis virus (ASPV; SalHV4) isolated from Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar in northern Europe, including northwestern Russia. These results lead one to believe that NamHV and ASPV have a common ancestor that may have made a relatively recent host jump from Atlantic Salmon to Lake Trout or vice versa. Partial nucleotide sequence comparisons between NamHV and ASPV for the polymerase and glycoprotein genes differ by >5% and >10%, respectively. Additional nucleotide sequence comparisons between NamHV and epizootic epitheliotropic disease virus (EEDV/SalHV3) in the terminase, glycoprotein, and polymerase genes differ by >5%, >20%, and >10%, respectively. Thus, NamHV and EEDV may be occupying discrete ecological niches in Lake Trout. Even though NamHV shared the highest genetic identity with ASPV, each of these viruses has a separate host species, which also implies speciation. Additionally, NamHV has been detected over the last 4 years in four separate water bodies across two states, which suggests that NamHV is a distinct, naturally replicating lineage. This, in combination with a divergence in nucleotide sequence from EEDV, indicates that NamHV is a new species in the genus Salmonivirus. Received April 20, 2015; accepted October 11, 2015.
通过分子方法，在宾夕法尼亚州伊利湖以及纽约州安大略湖、库卡湖和奥茨戈湖的湖红点鲑（Salvelinus namaycush）样本中发现了一种新型疱疹病毒。基于聚合酶、末端酶和糖蛋白基因的PCR扩增及部分测序，一些分离株被鉴定为一种新型病毒，我们将其命名为湖红点鲑疱疹病毒（Namaycush herpesvirus，NamHV），即鲑疱疹病毒5型（SalHV5）。对NamHV三个基因的系统发育分析表明，它与鲑病毒属的其他成员紧密聚类，将这些分离株归入异疱疹病毒科。NamHV分离株在三个部分测序基因中是相同的；然而，它们在核苷酸序列同一性方面与其他鲑疱疹病毒有所不同。在所有三个测序基因中，NamHV与从北欧（包括俄罗斯西北部）的大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）中分离出的大西洋鲑乳头瘤病病毒（ASPV；SalHV4）具有最高的序列同一性。这些结果使人相信，NamHV和ASPV有一个共同的祖先，可能在相对较近的时间从大西洋鲑跳跃到湖红点鲑身上，反之亦然。NamHV和ASPV在聚合酶和糖蛋白基因上的部分核苷酸序列比较分别相差>5%和>10%。NamHV与流行性嗜上皮性疾病病毒（EEDV/SalHV3）在末端酶、糖蛋白和聚合酶基因上的额外核苷酸序列比较分别相差>5%、>20%和>10%。因此，NamHV和EEDV可能在湖红点鲑中占据不同的生态位。尽管NamHV与ASPV具有最高的遗传同一性，但这些病毒中的每一种都有一个单独的宿主物种，这也意味着物种形成。此外，在过去4年里，在两个州的四个不同水体中都检测到了NamHV，这表明NamHV是一个独特的、自然复制的谱系。这与它与EEDV核苷酸序列的差异相结合，表明NamHV是鲑病毒属中的一个新物种。2015年4月20日收到；2015年10月11日接受。
