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后期促进复合物与SCF复合物协同作用,在从G1期到S期的转变过程中对S期细胞周期蛋白Clb6进行蛋白水解。

The anaphase-promoting complex works together with the SCF complex for proteolysis of the S-phase cyclin Clb6 during the transition from G1 to S phase.

作者信息

Wu Shiao-Yii, Kuan Vivian Jen-Wei, Tzeng Yao-Wei, Schuyler Scott C, Juang Yue-Li

机构信息

Master Program in Microbiology and Immunology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

出版信息

Fungal Genet Biol. 2016 Jun;91:6-19. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2016.03.004. Epub 2016 Mar 16.

Abstract

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the S-phase cyclin Clb6 is expressed shortly before the G1/S transition. It has been shown that in S phase the SCF(Cdc4) ubiquitin ligase controls Clb6 proteolysis, which requires cyclin-dependent kinases activity. A Clb6-3A mutant, bearing non-phosphorylatable mutations at S6A, T39A, and S147A, was observed to be hyperstabilized in S-phase but was unstable in mitosis. In this study, we found that the APC(Cdh1) form of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex (APC) was required for Clb6 proteolysis in both early and late G1. An in vitro ubiquitination assay confirmed that Clb6 is a substrate for APC(Cdh1). A KEN box and a destruction box in the Clb6N-terminus were identified. Mutations in the KEN box (mkb) and/or the destruction box (mdb) enhanced Clb6 stability in G1. Expression of Clb6mkd, bearing both mutations in the mkb and mdb, allowed cells to bypass the late G1 arrest caused by cdc4-1. This bypass phenotype was observed to depend upon CDK phosphorylation at residues S6, T39 and S147. Compared to Clb6, overexpression of Clb6ST, bearing all five mutations of S6A, T39A, S147A, mkb and mdb in combination, had a greater effect on promoting expression of Clb2 and S-phase entry, caused a greater G2 delay and a greater defect in cell division. Swe1 was also required for bud emergence when Clb6ST was overexpressed. Our observations suggest that both APC(Cdh1) and SCF(Cdc4)-dependent proteolysis of Clb6 at the G1/S border are crucial for multiple cell cycle regulated events including proper expression of Clb2, the G1/S and G2/M cell cycle transitions and for proper completion of cell division at mitotic exit.

摘要

在酿酒酵母中,S期细胞周期蛋白Clb6在G1/S转换前不久表达。研究表明,在S期,SCF(Cdc4)泛素连接酶控制Clb6的蛋白水解,这需要细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶的活性。一个Clb6 - 3A突变体,在S6A、T39A和S147A位点带有不可磷酸化的突变,被观察到在S期高度稳定,但在有丝分裂期不稳定。在本研究中,我们发现后期促进复合物(APC)的APC(Cdh1)形式在G1早期和晚期对于Clb6的蛋白水解都是必需的。体外泛素化试验证实Clb6是APC(Cdh1)的底物。在Clb6的N端鉴定出一个KEN盒和一个破坏盒。KEN盒(mkb)和/或破坏盒(mdb)中的突变增强了Clb6在G1期的稳定性。同时带有mkb和mdb两个突变的Clb6mkd的表达使细胞能够绕过由cdc4 - 1引起的G1晚期阻滞。观察到这种绕过表型取决于S6、T39和S147位点的CDK磷酸化。与Clb6相比,同时带有S6A、T39A、S147A、mkb和mdb这五个突变的Clb6ST的过表达对促进Clb2的表达和进入S期有更大的影响,导致更大的G2期延迟和细胞分裂缺陷。当Clb6ST过表达时,Swe1对于芽的出现也是必需的。我们的观察结果表明,在G1/S边界处,APC(Cdh1)和SCF(Cdc4)依赖的Clb6蛋白水解对于多个细胞周期调控事件至关重要,包括Clb2的正确表达、G1/S和G2/M细胞周期转换以及在有丝分裂末期正确完成细胞分裂。

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