Mukhopadhyay D K, Basu S S, Roy D, Das N, Akbar F, Sarkar G N
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kamarhati, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2016 Mar;53(1):23-9.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) is considered to be a highly effective intervention against malaria under National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme in India. A cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the coverage and utilization of LLIN and the factors related thereto.
A survey of 1300 households was carried out in Ranibandh block of Bankura district in West Bengal, India, using lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) method. Coverage/utilization of 80% was considered as minimum acceptable norm. The weighted sample size was calculated from each village of the block. The sociodemographic, economic information of the household along with the availability and use of LLIN was collected through interview and observation.
In total, 7320 individuals including 840 children ≤ 5 yr were visited. Overall coverage of adequate LLIN was 65.4% (± 1.5%) and for children ≤ 5 yr, it was 60.5% (± 1.3%). Overall, 66.1% (± 1.4%) people of all ages and 63.7% (± 1.4%) children ≤ 5 yr slept under LLINs in the night before the survey. Out of 26 sub-centres, distribution of LLINs in 10 sub-centres was below the accepted norm, whereas utilization was sub-optimal in 19 sub-centres. In only 18.2% (± 0.5%) households, LLINs remained hanging during daytime. Poverty, caste, education, perception regarding malarial morbidity and preventive action of LLIN were associated significantly with the distribution of LLIN. Similarly, poverty (AOR = 2.14), threat perception regarding malarial morbidity (AOR = 1.51) and mortality (AOR = 2.52) were positively associated with the use of LLIN. Full utilization of bednets by under-fives of the households was higher in villages with sub-centres.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Around two-third population of the study area was effectively covered with LLIN. Higher proportion of socially marginalized people received LLIN. Threat perception regarding malaria was directly associated with both receipt and use of LLIN. Behaviour change communication on utilization along with adequate access to LLIN needs to be strengthened.
在印度国家媒介传播疾病控制项目中，长效驱虫蚊帐（LLIN）被认为是预防疟疾的高效干预措施。开展了一项横断面研究，以评估LLIN的覆盖率、使用率及其相关因素。
采用批质量保证抽样（LQAS）方法，对印度西孟加拉邦班库拉区拉尼班德街区的1300户家庭进行了调查。80%的覆盖率/使用率被视为最低可接受标准。从该街区的每个村庄计算加权样本量。通过访谈和观察收集家庭的社会人口统计学、经济信息以及LLIN的可得性和使用情况。
共走访了7320人，其中包括840名5岁及以下儿童。LLIN的总体充足覆盖率为65.4%（±1.5%），5岁及以下儿童的覆盖率为60.5%（±1.3%）。总体而言，在调查前一晚，所有年龄段的66.1%（±1.4%）的人和5岁及以下儿童的63.7%（±1.4%）睡在LLIN下。在26个社区卫生中心中，10个社区卫生中心的LLIN分发低于可接受标准，而19个社区卫生中心的使用率未达最佳水平。只有18.2%（±0.5%）的家庭在白天蚊帐仍挂着。贫困、种姓、教育程度、对疟疾发病率的认知以及LLIN的预防作用与LLIN的分发显著相关。同样，贫困（比值比[AOR]=2.14）、对疟疾发病率的威胁认知（AOR=1.51）和死亡率（AOR=2.52）与LLIN的使用呈正相关。有社区卫生中心的村庄中，家庭中5岁以下儿童对蚊帐的充分使用率更高。
研究区域约三分之二的人口得到了LLIN的有效覆盖。社会边缘化人群中较高比例的人获得了LLIN。对疟疾的威胁认知与LLIN的获得和使用直接相关。需要加强关于蚊帐使用的行为改变沟通以及确保充足的蚊帐供应。
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