Goodman C M, Chisholm G D
Arch Esp Urol. 1989;42 Suppl 2:117-23.
Four hundred and thirty-eight men with histologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma were diagnosed consecutively and followed up closely for up to ten years. The mean age at presentation was 72.5 years and ranged from 45.3 to 91.0 years. Half of the total presented with symptoms of increasing urinary outflow obstruction and a quarter with acute urinary retention. One fifth of the total were diagnosed incidentally and these men had markedly less risk of progressing to skeletal metastases than those with localised, but clinically detectable disease. Most (60%) had locally advanced or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and the prevalence of skeletal metastases was seen to increase with local tumour stage. 40% had skeletal metastases at diagnosis and less than half of these patients survive two years. High grade tumours were associated with poor outcome, with a five year survival of less than 20% when the Gleason sum score was greater than seven.
438名经组织学确诊为前列腺腺癌的男性患者被连续诊断，并进行了长达十年的密切随访。就诊时的平均年龄为72.5岁，范围在45.3岁至91.0岁之间。总患者中有一半出现排尿流出梗阻加重的症状，四分之一出现急性尿潴留。总患者中有五分之一是偶然诊断出来的，这些男性进展为骨转移的风险明显低于那些有局限性但临床可检测到疾病的患者。大多数（60%）在诊断时患有局部晚期或转移性疾病，骨转移的患病率随着局部肿瘤分期的增加而增加。40%的患者在诊断时有骨转移，这些患者中不到一半能存活两年。高级别肿瘤与不良预后相关，当Gleason总分大于7分时，五年生存率低于20%。
