Bierbach Benjamin, Arenz Claudia, Suchowerskyj Phillip, Schroth Sylvia, Blaschczok Jadwiga, Asfour Boulos, Schneider Martin, Hraška Viktor
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, German Pediatric Heart Center, Sankt Augustin, Germany.
Department of Cardiology, German Pediatric Heart Center, Sankt Augustin, Germany.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016 Oct;50(4):617-625. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezw058. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
The optimal surgical treatment strategy for transposition of the great arteries (TGA) associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) leading to the best long-term outcome has not been established yet. The wide range of anatomical variability has led to the development of different surgical treatment options. In a retrospective single-centre review, we aimed to report the long-term outcome in patients who underwent biventricular repair.
Between 1992 and 2015, 49 patients underwent biventricular repair for TGA with VSD and LVOTO. On the basis of anatomical substrate, the type of repair was chosen. According to the type of repair, the patients were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 30 patients) includes all patients who underwent intraventricular rerouting (Rastelli, n = 22; réparation à l'étage ventriculaire, n = 8); Group B patients (n = 14) had repair on an arterial level (arterial switch operation + VSD closure + LVOTO resection, n = 10; Bex-Nikaidoh, n = 4).
The follow-up was completed in 90% with a median follow-up of 12.3 years (17.1-17.7 years). There was no difference in survival (Group A: 97% at 5, 10 and 15 years; Group B: 92% at 5, 10 and 15 years) and functional outcome between the groups. All patients were in New York Heart Association class I, having sinus rhythm and normal left ventricular (LV) function. Neurological and educational development was adequate for age in all but one who suffered from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Group A exhibited significantly less freedom from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reoperations/reintervention (79, 48 and 21% at 5, 10 and 15 years) (P = 0.008) due to RVOT dysfunction and endocarditis. Event-free LVOTO survival in Group A at 5, 10 and 15 years amounted to 96, 91 and 91% and was similar to Group B with event-free LVOTO survival at 5, 10 and 15 years of 100, 88 and 88%, respectively.
LV function is well preserved irrespective of the type of procedure. Patients who had undergone intraventricular rerouting (Group A) suffered from recurrent RVOT interventions due to RVOT dysfunction and endocarditis. The neurological outcome and the educational level were adequate for age in both groups. Executing the appropriate type of surgery for the individual patient's anatomy provides excellent functional and event-free outcome.
与室间隔缺损(VSD)和左心室流出道梗阻(LVOTO)相关的大动脉转位(TGA)的最佳手术治疗策略尚未确定,尚未确立能带来最佳长期预后的方案。广泛的解剖学变异导致了不同手术治疗方案的发展。在一项回顾性单中心研究中,我们旨在报告接受双心室修复的患者的长期预后。
1992年至2015年期间,49例患者接受了TGA合并VSD和LVOTO的双心室修复。根据解剖学基础选择修复类型。根据修复类型,将患者分为两组。A组(n = 30例患者)包括所有接受心室内改道手术的患者(Rastelli手术,n = 22例;心室水平修复,n = 8例);B组患者(n = 14例)接受动脉水平修复(动脉调转术 + VSD闭合 + LVOTO切除术,n = 10例;Bex-Nikaidoh手术,n = 4例)。
90%的患者完成随访,中位随访时间为12.3年(17.1 - 17.7年)。两组在生存率(A组:5年、10年和15年时为97%;B组:5年、10年和15年时为92%)和功能结局方面无差异。所有患者均处于纽约心脏协会I级心功能,窦性心律,左心室(LV)功能正常。除1例患有注意力缺陷多动障碍外,所有患者的神经和教育发育与年龄相符。由于右心室流出道(RVOT)功能障碍和心内膜炎,A组在5年、10年和15年时接受RVOT再次手术/再次干预的自由度显著较低(分别为79%、48%和21%)(P = 0.008)。A组在5年、10年和15年时无LVOTO事件的生存率分别为96%、91%和91%,与B组相似,B组在5年、10年和15年时无LVOTO事件的生存率分别为100%、88%和88%。
无论手术方式如何左心室功能均得到良好保留。接受心室内改道手术(A组)的患者因RVOT功能障碍和心内膜炎而反复接受RVOT干预。两组患者的神经学结局和教育水平与年龄相符。针对个体患者的解剖结构实施合适的手术类型可带来良好的功能和无事件结局。