Pardo Mariana A, Divers Stephen
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2016 Mar;47(1):286-90. doi: 10.1638/2015-0143.1.
Long-term or repeated venous access in chelonians is difficult to obtain and manage, but can be critically important for administration of medications and blood sampling in hospitalized patients. Jugular catheterization provides the most rapid and secure route for vascular access, but catheters can be difficult to place, and maintaining catheter patency may be challenging. Long multilumen polyurethane catheters provide flexibility and sampling access, and minimize difficulties, such as catheter displacement, that have been encountered with traditional over-the-needle catheters. We describe placement of 4 Fr. 13-cm polyurethane catheters in three chelonians with the use of a modified Seldinger technique. Venous access was obtained with the use of an over-the-needle catheter, which allowed placement of a 0.018-in.-diameter wire, over which the polyurethane catheter was placed. Indwelling time has ranged between 1 and 4 mo currently. All tortoises were sedated for this procedure. Polyurethane central catheters provide safe, long-term venous access that allows clinicians to perform serial blood sampling as well as intravenous administration of medications, anesthetic agents, and fluids. A jugular catheter can also allow central venous pressure measurement. Utilization of central line catheters was associated with improvements in diagnostic efficiency and therapeutic case management, with minimal risks and complications.
在龟类动物中，长期或反复进行静脉通路建立和管理都很困难，但对于住院患者的药物给药和血液采样来说可能至关重要。颈静脉置管为血管通路提供了最快速、最安全的途径，但导管放置可能困难，维持导管通畅也可能具有挑战性。长的多腔聚氨酯导管具有灵活性和采样便利性，并能将传统的穿刺针导管所遇到的诸如导管移位等困难降至最低。我们描述了使用改良的塞丁格技术在三只龟类动物中放置4 Fr. 13厘米聚氨酯导管的方法。通过使用穿刺针导管获得静脉通路，该导管允许放置一根直径0.018英寸的导丝，然后在导丝上放置聚氨酯导管。目前留置时间在1至4个月之间。所有乌龟在该操作过程中均接受了镇静。聚氨酯中心静脉导管提供了安全、长期的静脉通路，使临床医生能够进行系列血液采样以及静脉内给药、麻醉剂和液体。颈静脉导管还可用于测量中心静脉压。中心静脉导管的使用提高了诊断效率和治疗病例管理水平，且风险和并发症最小。
