Zhang Ya-nan, Yang Xing-lun, Bian Yong-rong, Gu Cheng-gang, Liu Zong-tang, Li Jiao, Wang Dai-zhang, Jiang Xin
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Dec;36(12):4582-90.
To evaluate the effect of aging on the availability of PAHs, chemical extraction by exhaustive ( ASE extraction) and nonexhaustive techniques (Tenax-TA extraction, hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin ( HPCD ) extraction, n-butyl alcohol ( BuOH) extraction) as well as PAHs accumulation in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were conducted in yellow soil from Baguazhou, Nanjing, China, and red soil from Hainan, China, spiked with phenanthrene, pryene and benzo(a) pyrene and aged 0, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. The results showed that the concentration of PAHs extracted by ASE and three nonexhaustive techniques and accumulated by earthworms significantly decreased with aging time, except the ASE extracted concentration between 30-and 60-day aging time. Furthermore, the relationships were studied in this experiment between chemical extracted PAHs concentration and accumulated concentration in earthworms. PAHs accumulated concentration in earthworms was not significantly correlated with the exhaustive extracted concentration of PAHs in soil (R² 0.44-0.56), which indicated that ASE extraction techniques could not predict PAHs bioavailability to earthworms because it overestimated the risk of PAHs. However, the PAHs accumulated concentration in earthworms was significantly correlated with the three nonexhaustive extracted concentrations of PAHs in soil, which indicated that all the three nonexhaustive techniques could predict PAHs bioavailability to earthworm to some extent, among which, HPCD extraction (R² 0.94-0.99) was better than Tenax-TA extraction (R² 0.62-0.87) and BuOH extraction (R² 0.69-0.94). So HPCD extraction was a more appropriate and reliable technique to predict bioavailability of PAHs in soil.
为评估老化对多环芳烃（PAHs）有效性的影响，在中国南京八卦洲的黄壤和中国海南的红壤中添加菲、芘和苯并(a)芘，并分别老化0、7、15、30和60天，采用彻底萃取法（加速溶剂萃取法，ASE萃取）和非彻底萃取法（Tenax-TA萃取法、羟丙基-β-环糊精（HPCD）萃取法、正丁醇（BuOH）萃取法）进行化学萃取，并研究蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）体内PAHs的积累情况。结果表明，除老化30至60天时ASE萃取的浓度外，ASE和三种非彻底萃取技术萃取的PAHs浓度以及蚯蚓体内积累的PAHs浓度均随老化时间显著降低。此外，本实验研究了化学萃取的PAHs浓度与蚯蚓体内积累浓度之间的关系。蚯蚓体内PAHs的积累浓度与土壤中PAHs的彻底萃取浓度无显著相关性（R²为0.44 - 0.56），这表明ASE萃取技术无法预测PAHs对蚯蚓的生物有效性，因为它高估了PAHs的风险。然而，蚯蚓体内PAHs的积累浓度与土壤中三种非彻底萃取的PAHs浓度显著相关，这表明这三种非彻底萃取技术在一定程度上都能预测PAHs对蚯蚓的生物有效性，其中，HPCD萃取法（R²为0.94 - 0.99）优于Tenax-TA萃取法（R²为0.62 - 0.87）和BuOH萃取法（R²为0.69 - 0.94）。因此，HPCD萃取法是预测土壤中PAHs生物有效性更合适、更可靠的技术。
