Wrightson James G, Twomey Rosie, Smeeton Nicholas J
Welkin Human Performance Laboratory, Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine, University of Brighton Eastbourne, UK.
Welkin Human Performance Laboratory, Centre for Sport and Exercise Science and Medicine, University of BrightonEastbourne, UK; Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2016 Mar 16;10:106. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00106. eCollection 2016.
Observation of a model performing fast exercise improves simultaneous exercise performance; however, the precise mechanism underpinning this effect is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the speed of the observed exercise influenced both upper body exercise performance and the activation of a cortical action observation network (AON).
In Experiment 1, 10 participants completed a 5 km time trial on an arm-crank ergometer whilst observing a blank screen (no-video) and a model performing exercise at both a typical (i.e., individual mean cadence during baseline time trial) and 15% faster than typical speed. In Experiment 2, 11 participants performed arm crank exercise whilst observing exercise at typical speed, 15% slower and 15% faster than typical speed. In Experiment 3, 11 participants observed the typical, slow and fast exercise, and a no-video, whilst corticospinal excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
In Experiment 1, performance time decreased and mean power increased, during observation of the fast exercise compared to the no-video condition. In Experiment 2, cadence and power increased during observation of the fast exercise compared to the typical speed exercise but there was no effect of observation of slow exercise on exercise behavior. In Experiment 3, observation of exercise increased corticospinal excitability; however, there was no difference between the exercise speeds.
Observation of fast exercise improves simultaneous upper-body exercise performance. However, because there was no effect of exercise speed on corticospinal excitability, these results suggest that these improvements are not solely due to changes in the activity of the AON.
观察一个进行快速运动的模型可提高同时进行的运动表现；然而，支撑这一效应的精确机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查所观察到的运动速度是否会影响上身运动表现以及皮质动作观察网络（AON）的激活。
在实验1中，10名参与者在臂式功率计上完成5公里计时赛，同时观察空白屏幕（无视频）以及一个以典型速度（即基线计时赛期间的个人平均踏频）和比典型速度快15%的速度进行运动的模型。在实验2中，11名参与者在观察以典型速度、比典型速度慢15%和快15%的速度进行的运动时进行臂式曲柄运动。在实验3中，11名参与者观察典型、慢速和快速运动以及无视频的情况，同时使用经颅磁刺激评估皮质脊髓兴奋性。
在实验1中，与无视频条件相比，在观察快速运动期间，完成时间减少，平均功率增加。在实验2中，与典型速度运动相比，在观察快速运动期间踏频和功率增加，但观察慢速运动对运动行为没有影响。在实验3中，观察运动增加了皮质脊髓兴奋性；然而，运动速度之间没有差异。
观察快速运动可提高同时进行的上身运动表现。然而，由于运动速度对皮质脊髓兴奋性没有影响，这些结果表明这些改善并非仅仅由于AON活动的变化。
