Kyllar Michal, Paral Vaclav, Pyszko Martin, Doskarova Barbora
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
Companion Care Broadstairs, Westwood Rd, Broadstairs, CT10 2RQ, UK.
Anat Sci Int. 2017 Jun;92(3):343-351. doi: 10.1007/s12565-016-0338-x. Epub 2016 Mar 25.
This study describes the facial pillar system in dolichocephalic and brachycephalic breeds of dogs, and highlights its differences. Knowledge of facial pillar system anatomy is imperative to carry out successful fracture repair. The aim of our study was to describe the pillar system of the facial skeleton in dogs, and compare different shapes of dog skulls using native skulls, radiographs and computed tomography (CT). The heads of brachycephalic and dolichocephalic dogs were investigated following a maceration process using trans-illumination, radiography and CT. Ground sections were created from bones of the facial skeleton for investigation of osteon directions. This study has revealed that the facial skeleton of the dog has numerous sinuses supported by vertically and horizontally oriented bone pillars. These pillars can be divided into five principal regions in dolichocephalic skulls and six principal regions in brachycephalic skulls. Radiographic imaging of both the brachiocephalic and dolichocephalic skulls was not capable of discerning bone pillars. Computed tomography transverse and horizontal section images discerned all pillars observed in the illuminated skulls.
本研究描述了长头型和短头型犬种的面部支柱系统，并强调了其差异。了解面部支柱系统解剖结构对于成功进行骨折修复至关重要。我们研究的目的是描述犬面部骨骼的支柱系统，并使用天然头骨、X光片和计算机断层扫描（CT）比较不同形状的犬头骨。对短头型和长头型犬的头部在经过浸软处理后，采用透照、X光摄影和CT进行研究。从面部骨骼的骨头制作磨片以研究骨单位方向。本研究表明，犬的面部骨骼有许多由垂直和水平方向的骨支柱支撑的鼻窦。这些支柱在长头型头骨中可分为五个主要区域，在短头型头骨中可分为六个主要区域。短头型和长头型头骨的X光成像均无法辨别骨支柱。计算机断层扫描的横断面和水平断面图像能辨别在透照头骨中观察到的所有支柱。
