Boglaienko Daria, Tansel Berrin
Florida International University, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Miami, FL, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Jun 15;175:40-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.017. Epub 2016 Mar 25.
When three or more high and low energy substrates are mixed, wetting order can significantly affect the behavior of the mixture. We analyzed the phase distribution of fresh floating Louisiana crude oil into dispersed, settled and floating phases depending on the exposure sequence to Corexit 9500A (dispersant) and granular materials. In the experiments artificial sea water at salinity 34‰ was used. Limestone (2.00-0.300 mm) and quartz sand (0.300-0.075 mm) were used as the natural granular materials. Dispersant Corexit 9500A increased the amount of dispersed oil up to 33.76 ± 7.04%. Addition of granular materials after the dispersant increased dispersion of oil to 47.96 ± 1.96%. When solid particles were applied on the floating oil before the dispersant, oil was captured as oil-particle aggregates and removed from the floating layer. However, dispersant addition led to partial release of the captured oil, removing it from the aggregated form to the dispersed and floating phases. There was no visible oil aggregation with the granular materials when quartz or limestone was at the bottom of the flask before the addition of oil and dispersant. The results show that granular materials can be effective when applied from the surface for aggregating or dispersing oil. However, the granular materials in the sediments are not effective neither for aggregating nor dispersing floating oil.
当三种或更多种高能量和低能量底物混合时，润湿顺序会显著影响混合物的行为。我们根据与Corexit 9500A（分散剂）和颗粒材料的接触顺序，分析了新鲜的路易斯安那浮油在分散相、沉降相和浮相中所占的比例。实验中使用了盐度为34‰的人工海水。石灰石（2.00 - 0.300毫米）和石英砂（0.300 - 0.075毫米）被用作天然颗粒材料。分散剂Corexit 9500A可使分散油的量增加至33.76±7.04%。在加入分散剂后再添加颗粒材料，可使油的分散度提高至47.96±1.96%。当在加入分散剂之前将固体颗粒施加于浮油上时，油会以油 - 颗粒聚集体的形式被捕获并从浮层中去除。然而，添加分散剂会导致被捕获的油部分释放，使其从聚集形式转变为分散相和浮相。当在加入油和分散剂之前石英或石灰石位于烧瓶底部时，颗粒材料不会使油明显聚集。结果表明，从表面施加颗粒材料对于聚集或分散油是有效的。然而，沉积物中的颗粒材料对于聚集或分散浮油均无效。
