MSMR. 2016 Mar;23(3):21-4.
Among active component members of the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps in 2015, there were 456 incident episodes of rhabdomyolysis likely due to physical exertion or heat stress ("exertional rhabdomyolysis"). Annual rates of incident diagnoses of exertional rhabdomyolysis increased 17% between 2014 and 2015. In 2015, the highest incidence rates occurred in service members who were male; younger than 20 years of age; black, non-Hispanic; members of the Marine Corps and Army; recruit trainees; and in combat-specific occupations. Most cases of exertional rhabdomyolysis were diagnosed at installations that support basic combat/recruit training or major ground combat units of the Army or Marine Corps. Medical care providers should consider exertional rhabdomyolysis in the differential diagnosis when service members (particularly recruits) present with muscular pain and swelling, limited range of motion, or the excretion of dark urine (e.g., myoglobinuria) after strenuous physical activity, particularly in hot, humid weather.
2015年,在美国陆军、海军、空军和海军陆战队的现役人员中,有456起可能因体力消耗或热应激导致的横纹肌溶解症病例(“运动性横纹肌溶解症”)。2014年至2015年期间,运动性横纹肌溶解症的年度确诊率上升了17%。2015年,发病率最高的是男性现役军人;年龄小于20岁;黑人、非西班牙裔;海军陆战队和陆军成员;新兵学员;以及从事特定战斗职业的人员。大多数运动性横纹肌溶解症病例是在支持基础战斗/新兵训练的设施或陆军或海军陆战队的主要地面作战部队中被诊断出来的。当现役军人(尤其是新兵)在剧烈体力活动后出现肌肉疼痛和肿胀、活动范围受限或排出深色尿液(如肌红蛋白尿)时,特别是在炎热潮湿的天气中,医疗服务提供者在鉴别诊断时应考虑运动性横纹肌溶解症。