MSMR. 2012 Mar;19(3):17-9.
In 2011, there were 435 incident episodes of rhabdomyolysis likely due to physical exertion and/or heat stress ("exertional rhabdomyolysis") among U.S. service members. The annual rates of exertional rhabdomyolysis nearly doubled from 2007 to 2011. The highest incidence rates occurred in males, black, non-Hispanics, service members younger than 20 years of age and in the Marine Corps and Army. Most cases were diagnosed at installations that support basic combat/recruit training centers or major Army and Marine Corps combat units. Medical care providers should consider exertional rhabdomyolysis in the differential diagnosis when service members -- particularly recruits -- present with muscular pain, swelling, limited range of motion, or the excretion of dark urine possibly due to myoglobinuria after strenuous physical activity, particularly in hot, humid weather.
2011年，美国军人中因体力消耗和/或热应激导致横纹肌溶解（“运动性横纹肌溶解”）的新发病例有435起。从2007年到2011年，运动性横纹肌溶解的年发病率几乎翻了一番。发病率最高的人群为男性、黑人、非西班牙裔、20岁以下的军人以及海军陆战队和陆军成员。大多数病例是在为基础战斗/新兵训练中心或陆军和海军陆战队主要作战部队提供支持的军事基地被诊断出来的。当军人——尤其是新兵——在剧烈体力活动后，特别是在炎热潮湿的天气里，出现肌肉疼痛、肿胀、活动范围受限或可能因肌红蛋白尿导致的深色尿液排出时，医疗服务提供者在鉴别诊断中应考虑运动性横纹肌溶解。
