Narayan Chandan R, McDermott Lily C
Speech and Psycholinguistics Laboratory, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Mar;139(3):1272-81. doi: 10.1121/1.4944634.
The speech rate and pitch (F0) characteristics of naturalistic, longitudinally recorded infant- and adult-directed speech are reported for three, genetically diverse languages. Previous research has suggested that the prosodic characteristics of infant-directed speech are slowed speech rate, raised mean pitch, and expanded pitch range relative to adult-directed speech. Sixteen mothers (5 Sri Lankan Tamil, 5 Tagalog, 6 Korean) were recorded in their homes during natural interactions with their young infants, and adults, over the course of 12 months beginning when the infant was 4 months old. Regression models indicated that the difference between infant- and adult-directed speech rates decreased across the first year of infants' development. Models of pitch revealed predicted differences between infant- and adult-directed speech but did not provide evidence for cross-linguistic or longitudinal effects within the time period investigated for the three languages. The universality of slowed speech rate, raised pitch, and expanded pitch range is discussed in light of individuals' highly variable implementation of these prosodic features in infant-directed speech.
本文报告了三种基因上不同语言的自然主义、纵向记录的婴儿导向语和成人导向语的语速和音高（F0）特征。先前的研究表明，相对于成人导向语，婴儿导向语的韵律特征是语速减慢、平均音高提高和音高范围扩大。16位母亲（5位斯里兰卡泰米尔语使用者、5位他加禄语使用者、6位韩语使用者）在婴儿4个月大开始的12个月里，于家中与年幼婴儿及成人进行自然互动时被录音。回归模型表明，婴儿导向语和成人导向语的语速差异在婴儿发展的第一年中逐渐减小。音高模型揭示了婴儿导向语和成人导向语之间的预测差异，但在所研究的三种语言的时间段内，没有提供跨语言或纵向影响的证据。鉴于个体在婴儿导向语中对这些韵律特征的高度可变实施，讨论了语速减慢、音高提高和音高范围扩大的普遍性。
