Hulan H W, Ackman R G, Ratnayake W M, Proudfoot F G
Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Kentville, Nova Scotia.
Poult Sci. 1989 Jan;68(1):153-62. doi: 10.3382/ps.0680153.
A total of 1,200 day-old Arbor Acre broiler chickens was randomly assigned to 12 pens (50 males and 50 females/pen) and divided into three blocks of four pens each. Each of four different diets was fed ad libitum to one pen of birds within each block to determine the effect of feeding practical levels of redfish meal (RFM) on performance and omega-3 fatty acid content of edible meat and skin lipids of broiler chickens. The four diets included (control) 0%, 4.0%, 8.0%, and 12.0% RFM. Feeding diets containing RFM had no effect on overall mortality or feed efficiency but resulted in decreased incidence of sudden death syndrome and lower body weight (P less than .01) and feed consumption (P less than .05). Additions of RFM to the diets resulted in a substantial dietary enrichment of omega-3 fatty acids (especially eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA or 20:5n-3, and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA or 22:6n-3). Analyses (wt/wt%) revealed that breast meat (less skin) was lower (P less than .001) in lipid and triglyceride but higher in free cholesterol (P less than .001) and phospholipid (P less than .001) than thigh meat (less skin). Dietary treatment had no effect on carcass lipid content or composition. Breast meat lipid contained more (P less than .001) omega-3 fatty acids (especially EPA and DHA), more docosapentaenoic acid, (DPA or 22:5n-3) and more total omega-3 polyunsaturated acids (n-3 PUFA) than thigh meat lipids. Feeding additional RFM resulted in an increased (P less than .001) accumulation of EPA, DPA, DHA, and total n-3 PUFA primarily at the expense of two omega-6 fatty acids, linoleic (18:2n-6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). It can be calculated from the data presented that the consumption of 100 g of chicken that has been fed 12.0% RFM would contribute approximately 197 mg of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA + DPA + DHA) in contrast with the 138 mg of omega-3 fatty acids which would be realized from the consumption of 100 g of white fish such as cod.
总共1200只1日龄的爱拔益加肉鸡被随机分配到12个鸡栏（每个鸡栏50只雄性和50只雌性），并分成三个区组，每个区组四个鸡栏。在每个区组内，将四种不同的日粮随意投喂给一栏鸡，以确定投喂实际水平的红鱼粉（RFM）对肉鸡生产性能以及可食用肉和皮肤脂质中ω-3脂肪酸含量的影响。这四种日粮分别包含（对照）0%、4.0%、8.0%和12.0%的RFM。饲喂含RFM的日粮对总体死亡率或饲料效率没有影响，但导致猝死综合征的发生率降低，体重（P<0.01）和采食量（P<0.05）下降。在日粮中添加RFM导致日粮中ω-3脂肪酸大量富集（尤其是二十碳五烯酸，EPA或20:5n-3，以及二十二碳六烯酸，DHA或22:6n-3）。分析（重量/重量%）显示，胸肉（去皮）的脂质和甘油三酯含量较低（P<0.001），但游离胆固醇（P<0.001）和磷脂（P<0.001）含量高于腿肉（去皮）。日粮处理对胴体脂质含量或组成没有影响。胸肉脂质中的ω-3脂肪酸（尤其是EPA和DHA）、二十二碳五烯酸（DPA或22:5n-3）和总ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）含量均高于腿肉脂质（P<0.001）。额外饲喂RFM导致EPA、DPA、DHA和总n-3 PUFA的积累增加（P<0.001），主要是以两种ω-6脂肪酸，亚油酸（18:2n-6）和花生四烯酸（20:4n-6）为代价。根据所提供的数据可以计算出，如果食用喂食了12.0%RFM的100克鸡肉，大约可摄入197毫克的ω-3脂肪酸（EPA+DPA+DHA），相比之下，食用100克鳕鱼等白鱼可摄入138毫克的ω-3脂肪酸。
