Arbury Sheila, Lindsley Matthew, Hodgson Michael
Office of Occupational Medicine and Nursing (Ms Arbury and Dr Hodgson), Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, DC.
J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Apr;58(4):359-63. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000640.
The aim of the study was to review the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) 2012 to 2013 heat enforcement cases, using identified essential elements of heat illness prevention to evaluate employers' programs and make recommendations to better protect workers from heat illness.
(1) Identify essential elements of heat illness prevention; (2) develop data collection tool; and (3) analyze OSHA 2012 to 2013 heat enforcement cases.
OSHA's database contains 84 heat enforcement cases in 2012 to 2013. Employer heat illness prevention programs were lacking in essential elements such as providing water and shade; adjusting the work/rest proportion to allow for workload and effective temperature; and acclimatizing and training workers.
In this set of investigations, most employers failed to implement common elements of illness prevention programs. Over 80% clearly did not rely on national standard approaches to heat illness prevention.
本研究旨在回顾职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）2012年至2013年的高温执法案例，利用已确定的中暑预防基本要素来评估雇主的方案，并提出建议以更好地保护工人免受中暑。
（1）确定中暑预防的基本要素；（2）开发数据收集工具；（3）分析OSHA 2012年至2013年的高温执法案例。
OSHA的数据库包含2012年至2013年的84起高温执法案例。雇主的中暑预防方案缺乏一些基本要素，如提供饮水和阴凉处；根据工作量和有效温度调整工作/休息比例；让工人适应环境并进行培训。
在这一系列调查中，大多数雇主未能实施疾病预防方案的常见要素。超过80%的雇主显然没有采用国家标准的中暑预防方法。
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